标签： 上海后花园

Today, Porsche’s new generation of Panamera models held an Asian launch ceremony in Shanghai, and the first batch of Panamera 4S and Panamera Turbo models will be launched in China, starting at 1.698 million yuan and 2.198 million yuan.

The newly launched Panamera is the second generation of the Panamera family. The overall design style is similar to that of the 911 sports car, like the four-door version of the 911, which is more flexible than the old model.

In terms of size, the new Panamera has a length of 5049mm (an increase of 34mm), a width of 1937mm (an increase of 6mm), a height of 1423mm (an increase of 5mm), and a wheelbase of 2950mm (an increase of 30mm).

In the rear part of the car, the new Panamera still adopts a slippery back shape. In terms of exhaust pipe style, the Panamera 4S uses a round tailpipe, while the Panamera Turbo is a trapezoidal design. As for the wheel size, the Panamera 4S comes standard with 19-inch wheels, and the Panamera Turbo is 20 inches, and 21-inch wheels are available as an option.

In terms of interior design, the overall center console layout of the new Panamera is not much different from that of the old model. It is still the standard T-shaped shape of the Porsche family, but in many areas, it uses touch panels to replace the original dense tradition, and the sense of technology has been significantly improved.

The Porsche Communication Management (PCM) in the center of the center console has a 12.3-inch screen and supports multi-touch and handwriting input. On the previous Panamera 4S and Turbo models, the 710W sound power Bose audio appeared as standard, and the Burmerter Berlin Sound audio system with a power of 1455 watts is optional.

In the Chinese market, the new Panamera is also equipped with Porsche Connect Plus, which includes Apple CarPlay and Porsche Connect functions, and integrates an LTE phone module with a SIM card reader, as well as Wi-Fi hotspots, real-time traffic conditions, and more.

In terms of power, the new Panamera is available in 4S and Turbo models. The Panamera 4S is equipped with a 2.9T V6 engine with a maximum power of 440 horsepower (324 kW) and a maximum torque of 550 Nm. The Panamera Turbo is equipped with a 4.0T V8 engine with a maximum power of 550 horsepower (404 kW) and a maximum torque of 770 Nm. Both models are equipped with an OurHours four-wheel drive system and an 8-speed PDK Porsche dual-clutch transmission.

Original Lao Hou unpacking the car I want to share

The performance is undoubtedly one of the most important active safety features, and its function is to slow down according to the driver’s will until it stops. According to different functions, it can be divided into driving, parking and auxiliary (emergency); according to different structural types, it can be divided into drum and disc types; according to different media, it can be divided into hydraulic and pneumatic types. Generally, hydraulic disc type is used in small, while pneumatic drum type is generally used in medium and large and passenger cars. We can’t simply use good or bad to evaluate them. Although hydraulic disc type has fast response and good heat dissipation, its force is not as large as that of pneumatic drum type, so air pressure is still used more on heavy loads or passenger cars.

The three parameters for evaluating the pros and cons of a car are:, the constancy of, and the directional stability of time. For ordinary people, it is generally used to measure the performance. But for medium and large or passenger cars, the constancy and the directional stability of time are also very important indicators. The most common unqualified items encountered by many cars during annual inspections are unevenness, which actually refers to the imbalance of forces on both sides, and the phenomenon of deviation will occur at time. The whole process is as follows, which can be divided into six stages: driver reaction time, mechanism reaction time, force growth time, device action time, duration, and release time.

The current "Motor Vehicle Safety Technical Inspection Items and Methods" is the national mandatory standard GB21861-2014 that was implemented in 2015. Among them, there are very clear inspection items and inspection standards for the performance of motor vehicles. The inspection items are divided into no-load and parking. For models with more than three axles, the loading is also inspected. The reaction time, constancy, and blocking force are not tested. The inspection instrument is generally a drum-type or skateboard-type force detector. The inspection standards are: single-axis force and not less than 60% of the axle load, the whole vehicle force and not less than 60%, the parking force shall not be less than 20%, the left and right force imbalance of one axis (steering shaft) shall not exceed 20%, and the left and right force imbalance of two axes and three axes (driving and load-bearing axes) shall not exceed 24%. Here are some examples to illustrate the meaning of these parameters.

1. Axle load: also called axle load, which is the load on the axle, which can be understood as the weight borne on the axle. Add the axle load of all axles together. For example, the axle load of one axle is 2829kg, and the axle load of two axles is 6244kg, then the axle load of this car is 2829 + 6244 = 9073kg.

2. Force and force sum: The force here refers to the maximum force generated by each process, and this maximum force is not necessarily generated at the same time. The ratio of the maximum force of the left and right on each axle to the axle load is the axle force sum, and the ratio of all the maximum forces together is the total force sum. They must meet relevant standards. Force sum is also called rate.

For example, in a certain car, the revolver force of one axle is 1017kgf, the right wheel force of one axle is 960kgf, the two-axle revolver force is 1698kgf, and the right wheel force of two axles is 1604kgf. Calculate the force and:

The force sum of one axis: (1017 + 960)/2829 = 69% > 60%, qualified;

The force sum of the two axes: (1698 + 1604)/6244 = 53% < 60%, unqualified;

Total vehicle power: (1017 + 960 + 1698 + 1604)/(2829 + 6244) = 58%, unqualified.

Because the car’s two-axis force and the whole vehicle force are unqualified, the car’s force is determined to be unqualified. It can be seen from the test data that its unqualified force is mainly caused by the small force of the two axles, so we need to focus on repairing the pipeline and device of the two axles. First check whether there are leaks in the pipeline of the two axles. If there are any leaks, we need to deal with them in time. Then check whether the pressure leading to the two axles is normal. If the pressure is obviously too low, it may be a fault or the air pressure of the two-axis air reservoir is insufficient, which should be dealt with separately. If the pipeline fault is dealt with and the force is still too small, the disassembler needs to be disassembled. Generally speaking, it is caused by the wear of the basin and the friction area between the two. It needs to be replaced and the basin is

3. Parking force and parking force sum: Parking force refers to the force generated by pulling up the hand, and parking force sum refers to the sum of the maximum parking force of the left and right wheels. According to relevant standards, the parking force sum shall not be less than 20%.

For example, for a car, the left rear wheel parking force is 1110kgf, the right rear wheel parking force is 949kgf, which is 11514kg, then the parking force of the car is:

(1110 + 949)/11514 = 18% < 20%, unqualified.

The current medium and large and passenger cars generally use the strong pump as a parking, and the parking force is also generated by the two rear wheels. Therefore, the unqualified parking force is generally caused by the unqualified force of the two rear wheels. Generally, the vehicle devices of the two rear wheels need to be overhauled. In addition, the internal fracture of the strong pump, the failure of the hand switch, and the failure of the hand relay valve will also cause the strong pump to fail to fully eject, resulting in too little force. In this case, the relevant pipelines and valves need to be overhauled. Some models use central parking. If the force fails, it is generally caused by the poor contact surface with the basin and needs to be disassembled and repaired.

4. Unbalance rate: The so-called force imbalance rate is also called the left and right force imbalance, which refers to the maximum value of the left and right wheel force difference during the force growth process, and the ratio of the maximum force of the left and right wheels of the shaft measured during the whole process. Generally, it is required that the left and right force imbalance of one axis (steering shaft) shall not exceed 20%, and the left and right force imbalance of two axes and three axes (driving and load-bearing axes) shall not exceed 24%.

For example, the revolver force of one axle of a car is 1312kgf, the right wheel force of one axle is 858kgf, the two axle revolver force is 2360kgf, and the right wheel force of two axles is 2505kgf. Calculations show that the unbalance rate of one axle of the car is 35.6%, which is unqualified; the unbalance rate of two axles is 17.3%, which is qualified.

It is important to note that the maximum force difference does not occur when the maximum force appears at the same time, but occurs during the process of force rise, so its calculation is not simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, but is automatically calculated by the detection equipment.

The main reason for the imbalance of the left and right forces is that the difference between the left and right forces is too large or the reaction time is not synchronized. For example, if one side of the device is new and the other side is old, the forces of the two may be very different, and the imbalance rate will be unqualified. There is also a difference in the performance of the left and right pump, resulting in a large difference in the reaction time. In addition, the rust of the shoe shaft can also lead to an imbalance of the left and right forces.

In addition, for multi-axle, it is also necessary to detect its loading rate and unbalance rate. Its detection method is to apply a load to the detected axle to simulate the force under actual driving conditions. It can more accurately detect the force and better fit the actual driving state. Generally, only semi-trailers or four-axle bicycles are detected, and only the second and third bridges are detected. The specific parameters are that the loading rate of the second bridge is greater than 50%, and the unbalance rate is less than 10%; the loading rate of the third bridge is greater than 50%, and the unbalance rate is less than 30%. The reasons for its failure are similar to the above, all due to insufficient force.

Overall, it is very difficult to pass the force test of medium and large or passenger cars at one time. This is mainly because many times, the test line is a quantitative test, and the specific force of each one will be tested, and then whether it is qualified according to the relevant standards is determined. When we drive the vehicle ourselves, it is more of a perceptual cognition. Many times we feel that the performance is good, but as soon as we get on the test line, it fails. Some people do four-wheel maintenance before the inspection, and replace the basin with a new one, but it still fails. This is mainly because the newly replaced basin has burrs on the surface, and the contact surface is not good at first. It takes some time to achieve the best results (more than 75% of the contact surface).

This article is original by the author of Yidian and may not be reproduced without authorization

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Original title: Comments on People’s Arts: If you have an identity, you have to bear the unbearable weight.

As a spy war film mixed with suspense films and action films, The Unknown has a main narrative time of eight years (1937 -1945), with geographical space spanning Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hong Kong, and complicated characters’ identities. Taking the intelligence department of Wang puppet regime as the stage, people from all walks of life fought an invisible dark war for intelligence.

Identity has become the focus of film narration. In this spy war film with a very clear historical era, the director adopts a ring structure different from linear narrative. The opening paragraph and the closing paragraph of the film basically form a closed loop that raises suspense and finally gives the answer, and the first one is connected. This nonlinear narrative creates a chaotic and broken sense of the times in the form of image stream of consciousness &mdash; &mdash; This is also the mentality of all sentient beings in the narrative age of the story. Like many spy movies, the suspense set by Nobody is "Who is communist party?" Then it unfolds in a nonlinear narrative in a way of peeling onions. After watching the movie, we pieced together the fragments in the film and found that the central event was actually the death of the little duke who was hidden in the Japanese grass-roots team and its influence. And this is still a topic of identity.

Identity becomes an unbearable weight in the film. Director He, Mr. Ye, Miss Chen and other titles, just as the film title says, are just the identities of many hidden front-line workers working under the Wang puppet regime. Director Cheng Er has endowed people with different identities with different designs: Director He plays smooth, gentle and cautious, and carries on with heavy burdens; Mr. Zhang, who plays the role, lacks responsibility because of cowardice and fatigue in the face of great changes in the times, and therefore dies by defecting to the enemy; The dancers played represent the "Wang Jiazhi" who walked out of the mansion and were full of blood; Minister Tang, who plays the role, represents speculators and fence-sitters under the background of the great era. He thinks he is ingenious, but he is too clever &hellip; &hellip; Even the Japanese spy Watanabe, in the film, has always stressed that he is the Ishihara faction to show the difference with other Japanese troops. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the captured Watanabe may return to Japan as a farmer because of his status. This kind of identity change is intolerable to Mr. Ye &mdash; &mdash; "I don’t agree with you to take off this military uniform and become an ordinary farmer." To cut Watanabe’s abdomen, on the one hand, is to liquidate his crimes; On the other hand, it is also a rejection of this identity transformation &mdash; &mdash; Watanabe’s identity as a spy bears too many historical memories of the invasion of China, and he must be blood out. At the same time, for underground workers, the identity is unbearable.It is often reflected in words and actions: When Director He learned that he was exposed at the dinner table, he changed his previous tact and bluntly said that there was no difference between Ishihara School and Tojo School in the eyes of China people; Mr. Ye injured the Japanese when his fiancee was humiliated and suffered from being unable to identify herself.

In Nobody, this kind of identity and its unbearable weight are based on the development of the plot and the characteristics of the actors, excavating the characteristics of the actors, arranging the role identity, and then expressing it in fluent visual language. Tony Leung Chiu Wai expertly continues his cold-hearted personality in Central mr. yi, and at the same time, he has the chic and bitterness of Mu Yun style in the movie. Miss Chen, who plays the role, continues the style of the underground party. At the same time, although there are not many scenes, it is crucial every time to promote narrative development. Mr. Ye’s plot arrangement and people’s design are just consistent with the characteristics of YiBo newcomers, which shows the green stage mixed with gloom and growth, but it is extraordinary.

It is a little regrettable that the deep excavation of the hidden front in Unknown is slightly insufficient. For example, it is not a tradition to directly assassinate enemy politicians. (Author: Li Fei)