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Reporters with high incidence of respiratory diseases visited the emergency area of Tianjin Children’s Hospital at night.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, November 25th (Reporter Xu Siyu, Zhang Jianxin, Wang Jinghuai) As night falls, the temperature approaches zero degrees Celsius. Parents wrapped in thick clothes hurried into Tianjin Children’s Hospital with their children in their arms. Recently, children’s mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, influenza and other respiratory diseases are high, which makes many parents worry and hospitals continue to operate at high load. Recently, the reporter walked into Tianjin Children’s Hospital to explore how the children in the emergency area see a doctor at night and how the medical staff stick to it.

　　The "First Pass" of Emergency Department

　　At 3 o’clock in the morning, the emergency area of Longyan Campus of Tianjin Children’s Hospital was brightly lit. A parent panted and ran to the clinic, and his one-year-old child was suffering from a high fever.

　　Luo Chang, the nurse on duty, quickly took the child, quickly looked at his face, pressed his eyes, measured his blood oxygen and called the child softly, but there was no response. "At that time, the child’s pulse was very weak and the oxygen saturation was less than 90%." Luo Chang initially judged that his condition was critical and immediately rushed to the rescue room 200 meters away with his child in his arms. After more than 50 minutes of rescue, the child was finally out of danger.

　　"Diagnosis is the first level of emergency treatment. It is convenient for scientific and timely treatment to initially identify the condition and severity of the child." Liujing, head nurse of the emergency department of Longyan Hospital of Tianjin Children’s Hospital, said that the hospital could guide the children to go to green, yellow and red clinics through diagnosis and treatment. "It is more important to find critically ill patients at the first time and grab the first aid time."

　　At night, at the entrance of the emergency area of the racecourse yard of Tianjin Children’s Hospital. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Sizhen photo

　　At night, in front of the emergency clinic, the new children came one after another. The nurse on duty looked at each child’s face and hands one by one, asked the parents about the symptoms and registered information. After registration, parents go directly to the registration window to get the number, and then go to the corresponding treatment area to wait for the number-calling treatment.

　　Outside the consultation area, hospital staff and security personnel are also working overtime to maintain order and help call the number. As the number plate is turned again, several parents take their children into the consultation room.

　　Waiting in the camping cart

　　At ten o’clock in the evening, the wind roared. Tianjin Children’s Hospital is full of heating. People come and go in the emergency area, and coughs come from time to time. There are babies in their arms and teenagers waiting in line in front of the clinic.

　　In the team, several camping trolleys are particularly conspicuous. Different from a stroller, this stroller is like a small bed, in which five or six-year-old children can lie. Parents push carts in line, and children lie in the car to rest.

　　Children lying in trolleys and parents waiting in line in the emergency area on the first floor of the racecourse yard of Tianjin Children’s Hospital. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Sizhen photo

　　In the waiting area, a little girl with a fever patch was asleep in the cart, while the old lady quietly waited for the test paper.

　　"The child’s fever was not obvious some time ago, and the cough time was long. Recently, the high fever reached 39 degrees Celsius and continued." The old lady looked at her granddaughter with a distressed face and said, "With this stroller, the child is more comfortable."

　　Despite the impatience, the team is basically orderly. It is the second time for a young couple who are also pushing a cart to come to the hospital. The husband looks at the call screen from time to time. "The children get sick together, the team is long, they are psychologically prepared, and everyone understands each other."

　　Recently, the Tianjin Municipal Health and Health Commission held a press conference on the theme of "Prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in winter and spring", and good news came. At present, the medical resources such as outpatient and emergency services, hospitalization and medicines in the city are relatively sufficient. As of the day of the press conference, the number of pediatric outpatient and emergency departments in the city has decreased for three consecutive days, and the demand for pediatric treatment has slowed down.

　　Medical staff, administrative staff, and property staff all went into battle.

　　Gu Yanmin, director of the emergency department of Longyan Hospital, has seen more than 30 patients continuously, and has not drunk water or eaten for four or five hours. Taking advantage of the gap between patients entering the door, Gu Yanmin went to the dressing room to wash her hands neatly, took out the condolence food prepared by the hospital, ate two bites, and then returned to the consultation room.

　　"This is food prepared by the hospital for emergency medical staff." Gu Yanmin pointed to two bites of bread and told reporters that the hospital trade union specially distributed condolence materials and put them in the locker room. If you are hungry, you can pad your stomach.

　　The number of pediatricians per thousand children in Tianjin is about 1.14, which is higher than the requirement of National Health Commission to reach 0.87 by 2025. Coupled with the supplement of traditional Chinese medicine pediatrics and general practitioners, the overall pediatric resources in Tianjin are relatively abundant. However, in the face of a large number of children patients, the workload of medical staff is still very large.

　　In Tianjin Children’s Hospital Racecourse Campus, Shang Yueyun is asking for a consultation. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Sizhen photo

　　Aiqi, deputy chief physician of hematology department, goes out to the outpatient department of pediatrics at night every week. "We are ready to deal with ‘ A protracted war ’ Preparation. "

　　"When catching up with a lot of patients, the doctor who completed the emergency rotation also stayed to continue to help." Shang Yueyun, deputy administrative director and chief physician of the Department of Critical Care Medicine in Machang Campus, said, "When the number of patients increases, the hospital will deploy doctors to support the emergency department within 5 to 10 minutes."

　　In order to get more children to see a doctor in time, many administrative personnel are transferred to the emergency department to be on duty, with the armband of "duty" to guide patients and maintain order. "There are more than 4,000 employees and property personnel in the hospital, and they go all out to protect the baby under the peak of diagnosis and treatment." Liu Wei, dean of Tianjin Children’s Hospital, said.

　　When the reporter was ready to leave the hospital, parents and children in the emergency area were still coming in and out. As another call sounded, a mother and daughter waiting in line hurried to the doctor … …

How to use proof in evidence review and fact finding？

editorial comment/note　The Supreme People’s Procuratorate’s "2018-2022 Procuratorial Reform Work Plan" emphasizes that the criminal accusation system with evidence as the core should be improved and the working mechanism of evidence review and judgment should be improved. Proof is an important method of evidence review and judgment, which runs through the whole process of fact finding. In this issue of "Views and Topics", legal experts and procuratorial experts are invited to discuss the theme of "How to use proof in evidence review and fact determination", so please pay attention.

Proof: Theory, Rules and Innovation

Professor and doctoral supervisor of Sichuan University   Long Zongzhi

Proving the facts of a case through mutual corroboration of evidence is a basic way of ascertaining the facts, which is universal. But for a long time, China criminal procedure has put special emphasis on corroboration and proof, which can be said to form a proof mode. For example, the word "confirmation" is widely used in judgment documents and judicial documents. Among the eight provisions of the "two evidence regulations" implemented in 2010, the word "confirmation" appeared 11 times; In 2012, the word "corroboration" appeared 10 times in seven articles on judicial interpretation of criminal procedure law in the Supreme People’s Court. The most recent example is Article 40 of the Supervision Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which was passed in March 2018. It requires the supervision organs to collect evidence and should form a "mutually corroborating, complete and stable chain of evidence". "Proof" has become a formal legal term.

The proposition and reform of the theory of "confirmation and proof mode" Based on the experience of handling cases in procuratorial work and the thinking and comparative study after I became a professor, I wrote the article "Proof and Free Evaluation of Evidence —— Proof Mode of Criminal Procedure in China" in 2004 and published it in Legal Research. The article holds that the criminal proof method in China is generally manifested as "confirmation proof mode" in practice, which is similar to the typical "free evaluation of evidence" in western countries, because the law does not determine the existence and size of the probative force of evidence in advance, so it also belongs to the type of free evaluation of evidence. However, in China’s criminal procedure, the objective verification between different evidences is particularly emphasized, that is, the "externality" of evidence is emphasized, and obtaining directly supported evidence is regarded as the key to proof. This is a basic feature of the proof mode. After 2004, domestic research began to prove that a large number of articles were published one after another. The practical and theoretical circles further promote the research and reflection on the confirmation model, including exploring its theory, analyzing its practical application and problems, and suggesting its reform direction. In 2017, I also published the article "A New Exploration of Confirmation Proof" in Legal Research, responding to some queries and putting forward some new views, including the reflection on the confirmation model and the way to reform it.

From the practical effect, the practical deduction of the verification model has indeed played an important and fundamental role in ensuring the quality of criminal cases. However, we should also see that in recent years, there is a tendency to overemphasize verification and simplify the application of verification, which has a negative impact on criminal proof. The main manifestations are: First, under the pressure of "confirmation mode", illegal evidence collection, forced confirmation, violation of "natural laws", and even artificial production of confirmation evidence. Second, under the influence of the "confirmation mode", it pays too much attention to the confirmation fact itself, ignores the coordination between the confirmation fact and other factual evidence of the case, and ignores the "comprehensive verification". Third, ignoring the function of evaluation of evidence, violating the law of proof, and having a negative impact on judicial practice. Specifically, judicial personnel are afraid and not good at making evaluation analysis in litigation practice, so some cases that have the conditions for finalization according to the appearance of the evidence system but have inherent reasonable doubts are improperly finalized. On the other hand, for some cases that are sufficient to establish evaluation evidence, but the evidence of the whole case is not confirmed to a high degree, or some important circumstances are slightly lacking, they dare not prosecute or make a guilty verdict, which hinders the crackdown on crimes. These drawbacks are not the inherent problems of the method of proof, but the result of excessive and improper application of the method of proof by criminal proof.

In view of the above disadvantages, we should improve the proof method and change the proof method. However, due to the introduction of "excluding reasonable doubt" in the revision of the Criminal Procedure Law, the establishment of judicial responsibility system in judicial reform, and the promotion of "trial-centered" and "substantive trial" in criminal proceedings, certain conditions have been met for the reform of the confirmation model. Content of reform: First, adhere to the leading role of confirmation. Under the given conditions such as the reliability of evidence sources, corroborative evidence review undoubtedly has a more important methodological position than single evidence review. Therefore, we should adhere to the verification method as the main method to examine the authenticity and legality of individual evidence, and at the same time adhere to the verification method as the main method to determine the facts of a case, that is, to judge the facts comprehensively. The second is to strengthen the function of heart syndrome. It is necessary to establish subjective standards in criminal proof. That is to say, the proof standard of "the facts of the case are clear and the evidence is true and sufficient" is explained and enriched by "excluding reasonable doubt". Secondly, we need to strengthen the inference of indirect evidence and indirect facts to the main facts of the case, and strengthen the application of empirical rules. It is also possible to adjust the proof requirements and even the proof standards of some cases. For example, the proof requirements of objective proof can be appropriately reduced and the standard of evaluation of evidence can be adopted to finalize the case. The third is to pay attention to the role of pursuing evidence. Strengthening the pursuit of corroboration evidence group, especially the main sources of evidence, and conducting a comprehensive and effective review of evidence sources and evidence formation methods to ensure their reliability and prevent evidence distortion are the key links in the application of corroboration proof methods.The fourth is to play the role of verification. The facts required to be verified should be able to be verified, so that they can be reasonably embedded in the overall evidence structure. Including the corroborating facts formed by witness, that is, subjective evidence, which can be verified by objective evidence or objective facts; The partial confirmation of facts should be coordinated with the overall factual evidence of the case.

Theoretical explanation of proof. Proof is proved by comparing different information, which emphasizes the "consistency" of evidence information. Proof also refers to the relationship and state of proof formed by this method. The key to the validity of confirmation is identity, that is, the identity of information contained in different evidences. The identity mentioned here includes the identity and coincidence of information, as well as the identity and coordination of information.

Proof can be divided into two types: one is suitable for fact judgment and the other is suitable for evidence judgment. In fact judgment, all the facts to be proved can be confirmed and proved. Therefore, the scope of proof includes substantive law facts, procedural law facts and evidence facts. Evidence judgment refers to the judgment of objectivity and legality of evidence, because it is difficult for a single evidence to prove itself to be true and legitimate, so it is suitable to prove it. The judgment of evidence relevance mainly depends on experience perception. Professor Waltz said: the relevance of evidence depends on a feeling, which is easy to identify and difficult to describe. In some cases, it is necessary to emphasize proof. This is mainly in the case of difficulties in proof, such as judging the reliability of witness. The judicial interpretation of the Supreme Court has made special provisions on the proof of evidence. For example: First, when the defendant recants his confession and the witness recants his testimony, the evidence is accepted with emphasis on confirmation. Second, the acceptance of special testimony pays attention to confirmation. For example, statements, testimonies and confessions made by victims, witnesses and defendants who have physical and mental defects and have certain difficulties in understanding and expressing the facts of the case, but have not lost their ability to correctly understand and express; Testimony in favor of the defendant made by witnesses who have kinship or other close relationships with the defendant, or testimony against the defendant made by witnesses who have conflicts of interest with the defendant. This special testimony can only be adopted if it is confirmed by other evidence. Third, when there is no direct evidence and only indirect evidence is used to finalize the case, the requirements for confirmation are emphasized. Fourth, hidden evidence is found according to the confession, and the condition for finalizing the case is that the evidence confirms each other.Article 55 of the Criminal Procedure Law makes special requirements for the reinforcement (confirmation) of confession.

Evidence rules of corroboration. In judicial practice, the problems that should be paid attention to can be summarized into several rules by using the method of proof. The first is the information fit rule. Is to seek the consistency of information from different independent information sources. The same information and the same direction are the coincidence of evidence. To analyze the degree of conformity, we should pay attention to different types of cases, different evidence facts, such as the facts of constitutive requirements and sentencing, the facts against the defendant and the facts in favor of the defendant, and so on. The second is the rule of evidence reliability, or the rule of evidence quality. The most important and important thing to pay attention to is that the sources of evidence involved in verification are reliable. To ensure the reliability, we must follow the "natural law" of evidence acquisition, that is, to ensure the natural state of evidence information, and we must not artificially distort evidence information. The third is the rule of clear information. The evidence itself and the verification results should meet certain clarity requirements, and should not be vague and specious. The fourth is to confirm the thickness rule. There must be at least two independent sources of information for verification, but if a variety of independent evidence can verify each other, its verification effect is obviously higher. If the proof is relatively thin, it is still difficult to meet the proof standard. The fifth is the best evidence rule. The best evidence mainly talks about objective evidence, especially hidden evidence, which is the best evidence in confirmation. The sixth is the reasonable difference rule. Verification rules pay attention to information consistency, but don’t pursue consistency excessively. Excessive consistency and lack of differences do not conform to the law of the existence and development of things, and may be a "case made."The seventh is the overall coordination rule. To see whether the confirmed facts contradict other facts in the case and whether the confirmed evidence is reasonably embedded in the overall evidence structure. The eighth is the rule of excluding reasonable doubt. That is, the facts confirmed by the confirmation certificate should conform to the rules of experience, eliminate reasonable doubts and have reasonable acceptability. This is an internal test standard for mutual confirmation of evidence.

Combination of formal confirmation and substantive judgment

Prosecutor of the Second Branch of Beijing Municipal People’s Procuratorate   Du Miao

Proof of evidence refers to the state that two or more evidences completely overlap or partially cross in the factual information contained, that is, the factual information contained in the evidence has been mutually verified. Proof is a method of ascertaining the facts of a case, and proof methods and standards cannot be confused with each other. It is necessary not only to confirm the formal confirmation of the case evidence, but also to make a substantive judgment on whether the identified criminal facts can "exclude reasonable doubt": First, strictly examine the legality and objectivity of the criminal suspect’s confession; The second is to eliminate the contradiction between confession and other evidence or make a reasonable explanation; The third is to make a comprehensive judgment on whether the facts of the case conform to the rules of experience. Otherwise, even if the case evidence is confirmed on the surface, it does not mean that it has reached the "true and sufficient" proof standard.

Specifically, in judicial practice, the confirmation of evidence needs to be accurately grasped from the following aspects:

Proof of evidence does not rule out the existence of evidence contradiction. Evidence proof and evidence contradiction are two sides of the same coin. If the contents of evidence proof are "inconsistent", it means that there is contradiction between them. The evidence of a specific case is extremely complicated, and it is very likely that some of the contents of the suspect’s confession are mutually confirmed and some of them are contradictory to other evidence. This requires specific analysis of specific issues to judge whether it is a fundamental contradiction that can affect the conviction or a non-fundamental contradiction that does not affect the conviction. On the one hand, if the main content of the suspect’s confession is inconsistent with other evidence, it is necessary to exclude or give a reasonable explanation, otherwise a conclusion in favor of the suspect should be made; On the other hand, if the confession of the criminal suspect is consistent with the main plot reflected by other evidence, and only a few plots are inconsistent and will not affect the conviction, it can be confirmed that the criminal facts have been ascertained. In an ideal state, all contradictions in the evidence of the whole case should be eliminated one by one. It is worth noting that even if there are contradictions in the key evidence on which conviction and sentencing are based, attention should be paid to finding out the reasons and giving a reasonable explanation, otherwise it may turn into a fundamental contradiction that affects conviction.

Evidence can point to some criminal facts. Criminal facts usually have a process of crossing time and place, and criminal proceedings are a retrospective proof activity. Due to the influence of many factors such as evidence loss, sometimes only indirect evidence can be collected to prove a certain link of the crime, that is, the so-called evidence "connection point". In many cases, the confirmation of the suspect’s confession and other evidence can only be the confirmation of the "connection point". There is a "connection point" where confession and other evidence are mutually confirmed. In the same criminal fact, the more "connection points" of evidence, the stronger the authenticity of guilty confession.

Common "connection points" include: (1) time. From the perspective of time and space sequence, whether intentional crime or negligent crime, there is a process of occurrence, development and change. Criminals may leave corresponding traces at each time node, especially in the case of continuous crime and continuous crime, the criminal behavior may last for a long time, and the evidence will show a fixed order and be unique in time and space order. The authenticity of the confession can be verified by collecting objective evidence such as call records and bank transfer vouchers. (2) location. The place of crime can be subdivided into the place where the crime was committed and the place where the crime result occurred, such as the place where the tools were prepared, the place where the contradiction occurred, the place where the fight took place, etc. The changes of the above places correspond to the development process of the crime. Corresponding to several locations related to the crime, the authenticity of the confession can be verified by collecting objective evidence such as mobile phone tracks, tickets, air tickets and accommodation records. (3) items. Common articles related to crime include crime tools, stolen money and so on. If the characteristics of the articles are consistent with the confession of the criminal suspect, the authenticity of the confession can be verified.

Proof of evidence should be concrete proof. Evidence confirmation can be divided into concrete confirmation and general confirmation. Concrete confirmation refers to the fact that the details reflected by the evidence are completely coincident with the confession, which can reflect the unique characteristics of people and things. For example, in a fraud case, the criminal suspect confessed that he used a company document with forged signature to defraud the victim’s trust and defrauded a huge sum of money from the victim. After identification, the signature of the legal representative on the company document was written by the criminal suspect, thus forming a concrete confirmation and drawing the only conclusion that the criminal suspect forged the signature of others. General confirmation means that the contents of the evidence are coincident with the confession in a certain range, and other possibilities cannot be ruled out. From the point of view of ascertaining criminal facts, evidence confirmation should be specific enough to reflect the uniqueness of case facts, which is also the inevitable requirement of the standard of "excluding reasonable doubt". For example, in a case of intentional homicide, no physical evidence with personal orientation was extracted from the crime scene. The suspect once confessed that he rode a bicycle to the crime scene. After collecting the surveillance video near the crime scene, a man was indeed found riding a bicycle near the crime scene. However, the surveillance video was not clear enough and the shooting angle was not good, so it was impossible to identify the man in the video as the suspect, and it was also impossible to identify the bicycle in the video with the bicycle of the suspect. After the suspect overturns the previous confession, in the absence of other evidence, the above evidence alone is not enough to determine the facts of the crime.

The judgment of probative force insists on confirming the "four principles"

Ph.D. candidate of Southeast University Law School and Deputy Procurator-General of jianye district People’s Procuratorate in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province   Li Yong

Evidence ability refers to the qualification of evidence as the basis for deciding a case, while probative force refers to the role and value of evidence in proving the facts of a case on the premise of evidence ability. Evidence ability is the premise of probative force, and evidence without evidential ability is not probative force at all. The basic method of judging the probative force is verification. Confirmation is the mutual verification relationship between two or more evidences, that is, the state that the factual information contained in two or more evidences has been mutually verified, which is commonly called "evidence mutually confirms". How to use proof to examine and judge the probative force? We should focus on the following four "principles":

First of all, adhere to the "evidence ability review first, confirmed later". This is determined by the logical relationship between evidential ability and probative force. Proof is a method to standardize how judges evaluate the value of evidence, "belonging to the level of proof, so the applicable premise must be that they have obtained the evidence ability". When examining evidence, we should first examine the evidential ability of the evidence, and only the evidence with evidential ability can be further judged by verification; The key to prevent "false confirmation" is to directly exclude those who have no evidential ability and do not need to judge the probative force. For example, a confession of a defendant obtained by torture has no evidential ability from the beginning, and even has no qualification as a basis for finalizing the case. It is directly excluded from the final view, and there is no need to judge its role and value in determining the facts of the case.

Secondly, make good use of "two-way contrast". Proof is directly manifested in judicial practice as comparison, that is, comparing and contrasting two or more evidential materials that prove the same fact in a case, and examining whether the contents confirmed by them are consistent, so as to determine the probative force of the evidential materials. The comparison here can be divided into horizontal comparison and vertical comparison. Horizontal comparison refers to the comparison of different kinds of evidence that prove the facts of the same case to test whether they can confirm each other, whether there are contradictions and how to eliminate them. It includes the confirmation between verbal evidence and documentary evidence, physical evidence, recorded evidence and expert opinions, the confirmation between the defendant’s (criminal suspect’s) confession and the victim’s statement and witness testimony, and the confirmation between different witnesses, multiple documentary evidences and multiple physical evidences. Vertical comparison is mainly aimed at verbal evidence, that is, comparing multiple statements or confessions of the same fact made at different times to see whether the contents of the statements before and after are consistent, whether there are contradictions and how to eliminate and solve them. Inconsistencies often occur in witness testimony, victim statement and criminal suspect confession. In the process of examination, it is necessary to verify the witness face to face, focusing on two points: first, whether the witness or the confession can make a reasonable explanation, and second, whether it can be verified with other relevant evidence.

Thirdly, the principle of "doubt is beneficial to the defendant" should be applied accurately. The key to judge’s evaluation of evidence is to weigh the probative force between all kinds of guilty evidence and innocent evidence and eliminate possible doubts. There are a lot of cases where the evidence can’t be confirmed and the authenticity is unknown. However, the referee shall not refuse to make a ruling on this ground. The principle of "doubt is beneficial to the defendant" provides a channel to solve this problem. It is worth noting that we cannot mechanically think that "as long as there is doubt, there will be no doubt" or "as long as there is doubt, there will be no guilt". In practice, doubt sometimes manifests as "yes" and "no" doubt, that is, qualitative doubt. At this time, it should be presumed to be none. For example, whether the criminal suspect A beat B, the evidence can’t confirm each other, and whether there is doubt about the fact of beating B, it is presumed that A didn’t beat B; Doubt is sometimes manifested as "more" and "less" doubt, that is, the doubt of quantity, which is presumed to be "less"

Finally, the use of verification methods should follow the principle of preventing misunderstandings. First, it is necessary to prevent only a few non-major plots from being confirmed and being considered as final. Whether a case can be denied depends on whether there is corresponding evidence to prove the facts that constitute the elements, and it is not enough to finalize the case only if a few non-main circumstances are confirmed by evidence. The second is to prevent all the details from being confirmed before you dare to finalize the case. There are subtle contradictions between some evidences, which do not affect the probative force within a reasonable range. On the contrary, some verbal evidence is even more doubtful when all the details are exactly the same. For example, in judicial practice, there is often a high degree of consistency in details between verbal evidence transcripts, which is obviously problematic. Third, it is necessary to prevent only focusing on the confirmation of evidence that is conducive to the finalization and ignoring or belittling the confirmation of evidence that is not conducive to the finalization, and vice versa. Especially as a prosecutor, we should not only pay attention to or even take it out of context, but also ignore the contradictions that are not conducive to finalizing the case. The fourth is to prevent the absoluteness of confirmation. We can’t "verify for the sake of verification", and we can’t violate the laws of nature, experience and logic for the sake of verification.

How to confirm the amount of evidence in different cases

Director of the Second Division of Public Prosecution of Suzhou People’s Procuratorate, Jiangsu Province, and national expert in procuratorial work   Wang Yong

In judicial practice, confirmation method runs through the process of reviewing evidence and ascertaining facts, which is not only a key step to form conviction and verifying facts, but also an important method to resolve evidence contradictions in difficult cases. In the amount crime, if the amount confessed by the defendant can be mutually confirmed with other evidence, there is no dispute about the determination of the amount. However, in reality, typical cases in which the evidence is completely consistent are not common, and more are atypical cases in which the contents of the evidence are not completely consistent. How to determine the number of crimes requires full use of verification methods.

The amount of evidence given is different, how to identify it? When the amount of the defendant’s confession is inconsistent with other verbal evidence, and there is no other way to identify it, the lower amount is identified, which is the principle of low identification in the confirmation rules. For example, in a bribery case, the briber proved that he paid a bribe of RMB 80,000, while the defendant confessed to receiving property of RMB 50,000. On the premise that the evidence related to criminal facts can be verified and reach the standard of proof, the confirmation rules should be considered for the determination of the amount of crime: the defendant’s confession and the briber’s testimony can be confirmed in the fact of 50 thousand yuan, which can be confirmed; The difference of another 30 thousand yuan depends on whether there is other evidence to confirm each other.

A common problem in practice is: the amount of crime confessed by the defendant is constantly changing in different stages of litigation, how to determine it? At this time, according to Article 83 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on the Application of the Criminal Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation), "If the defendant withdraws his confession during the trial, but he can’t reasonably explain the reasons for his withdrawal or his defense contradicts the evidence of the whole case, and his pre-trial confession is mutually confirmed with other evidence, his pre-trial confession can be accepted. If the defendant’s confession and defense before the trial are repeated, but it is confessed during the trial and confirmed with other evidence, his confession at the trial can be accepted; If the defendant’s pre-trial confession and defense are repeated, and he does not confess during the trial, and there is no other evidence to confirm it with the pre-trial confession, he may not accept his pre-trial confession. "

It should be noted that the principle of "low" means that the amount of crime cannot be confirmed by the verification method, and the method of determining the amount of crime according to the principle of "doubt is beneficial to the defendant" should not be adopted if the amount of crime can be determined by other means.

Can the victim-free statement confirm the facts? In some cases, the victim cannot be found for some reason, and there is a dispute over whether the facts can be ascertained. Article 105 of the Interpretation stipulates: "If there is no direct evidence, but the indirect evidence meets the following conditions at the same time, the defendant can be found guilty: (1) The evidence has been verified; (2) The evidence confirms each other, and there are no unavoidable contradictions and unexplained questions; (3) The evidence of the whole case has formed a complete proof system; (four) according to the evidence, the facts of the case are sufficient to eliminate reasonable doubt, and the conclusion is unique; (5) The reasoning based on evidence conforms to logic and experience. " According to the provisions of this article, there is no case that a case cannot be finalized without some kind of evidence. The key is to see whether the evidence conforms to the proof mode and reaches the proof standard of excluding reasonable doubt.

For example, in stakeholder cases such as telecommunication network fraud, the number of victims is so large that it is difficult to obtain evidence one by one, and sometimes the victims cannot be found due to the limitation of means of obtaining evidence, but objective evidence such as account books, bank card transaction records or performance sheets is enough to confirm the act of collecting property. For such cases, the emphasis of evidence reinforcement should be documentary evidence rather than verbal evidence. If all kinds of documentary evidence confirming the amount of fraud are confirmed by other evidence, and the possibility of legal income is ruled out, the criminal facts can be determined on this basis. Therefore, the Opinions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases such as Telecommunication Network Fraud stipulates that if it is really impossible to collect the victim statements one by one due to the limitation of objective conditions such as the large number of victims, the criminal facts such as the number of victims and the amount of fraudulent funds can be comprehensively determined by combining the collected victim statements, verified bank account transaction records and third-party payment and settlement account transaction records.

How to determine the value of physical evidence without corresponding purchase records after annihilation? In some cases, the physical evidence was annihilated, and the corresponding purchase records and other documentary evidence were lacking. How to determine the value of the original physical evidence became a difficult problem. For example, in the theft of Huang, the court of first instance failed to identify some of the stolen goods accused in the indictment on the grounds that the specific model of some cables could not be judged and the number of thefts was only the witness testimony of the injured unit. After the prosecution filed a protest, through investigation and evidence collection from the purchasing and warehouse management personnel of the victim unit at the time of the crime, the case-handling personnel collected all the sales invoices of the supplier company, thus confirming the types of cables purchased by the victim unit at the time of the crime, and finally effectively identifying the value of the relevant cables in combination with other evidence.

Therefore, the handling of such cases needs to fully explore the "source" and "destination" of the original material evidence, and use it as a clue to confirm the testimony of relevant witnesses and the statements of victims, so as to confirm the value of the annihilated items. In other words, many facts that can be confirmed by objective evidence are not limited to the elements presented by themselves, but need to be excavated and explained by the case-handling personnel through empirical rules.

Bao Junyue also： collective brake failure of 100 car owners (2)

On January 3, 2025, the column "Dancing Cars" received a complaint from Mr. Yang of Tangshan. Mr. Yang said that his car suddenly broke down on December 31 and almost hit the wall. Afterwards, in the process of communicating with other car owners, Mr. Yang found that there were more than 100 riders in the car owners’ group, all of whom suffered similar brake failures on December 31. Not only that, there have been a lot of related reports on other platforms, and many Baojunyue car owners have reported that their cars had brake failures on December 31.

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Subsequently, Baojun Automobile officially responded: This Yueye incident was not a "brake failure" described by the network, but a software bug in some vehicles, which led to the degradation of brake power. This part of the vehicle will enter the speed limit protection state when it is reminded by the indicator light when it is started.

On January 7th, the column "Car Dancing Flying" received another complaint from Bao Junyue. Mr. Jiao said that on December 31st, he was preparing to drive away in the parking lot. When he stepped on the brakes, he found that the vehicle could not stop at all, and he bumped into the battery car parked next to him, and the bumper of the car was cracked.

On January 2, the 4s shop contacted itself, and the two sides reached an agreement on the conditions for returning the car. However, on January 3, the 4s shop suddenly repented, saying that it could not return the car. Mr. Jiao said that according to his own understanding, many riders had successfully returned their cars before January 2, and they all received refunds smoothly. Mr. Jiao then contacted the manufacturer, who said that the solution had been given to the 4s shop, but the 4s shop said that it did not get the manufacturer’s solution, and the two sides began to "kick the ball". Mr. Jiao said that he would never buy Baojun cars again, and the service attitude and quality were poor, which was disappointing!

?

In the program, we connected the customer service representative of SAIC-GM-Baojun and raised two questions:

1. Can the consumer’s demand for returning the car be solved? Don’t "kick the ball" on both sides, and finally it will go away.

2. Consumers have the right to know according to law. In the official announcement of Baojun Automobile, it is mentioned that "some vehicles have software bugs, which leads to the degradation of braking power". Consumers want to know the principle and how to cause the failure of braking power degradation through software bugs.

The customer service said that it would report the above problems and reply to Mr. Jiao as soon as possible.

In the afternoon, Mr. Jiao said that a local 4s branch contacted him, and the other party said that it would provide a gift package worth 1000 yuan, but Mr. Jiao refused and insisted on returning the car.

Whether it is "brake failure", "brake failure" or "brake assist degradation" officially declared by Baojun Automobile, in the actual driving process, it all points to the same result-the vehicle can’t brake normally, endangering life safety. In this case, SAIC-GM-Wuling Baojun Automobile, please don’t stick to the terminology, come up with the most sincere solution and give the owners an explanation. This is the top priority.

The slogan "What people need, what they build" has won many praises from SAIC-GM-Wuling. Now, in the face of the brake failure of Baojun Yue, people need to know the truth of the brake failure and the follow-up remedial measures. I wonder if Baojun Automobile can give a satisfactory answer.

Steady expectations and strong confidence! Release positive signals in many fields, and the economic recovery is further consolidated and enhanced.

CCTV News:On July 31, news broadcast and other columns reported the latest progress in China’s manufacturing industry, cultural enterprises, fiscal and taxation system reform, power supply and other fields. Construction in various fields has been steadily advanced, positive signals have been released, expectations have been stabilized and confidence has been strengthened, and the economic recovery has been further consolidated and enhanced.

In July, the production of China manufacturing enterprises expanded steadily.

The China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing and the National Bureau of Statistics announced on July 31st that the purchasing managers’ index of China’s manufacturing industry was 49.4% in July, and the operation situation remained stable. From the change of sub-indices, the production of enterprises has increased steadily, with the production index of 50.1%, which has been running in the expansion range for five consecutive months. Among them, the production activities of large enterprises have maintained a good growth, and the production index of large enterprises has been running above 52%.

The Ministry of Finance issued 2.037 billion yuan of central financial funds for disaster prevention and relief in agricultural production.

On July 31st, the Ministry of Finance issued 2.037 billion yuan of disaster prevention and relief funds from the central government for agricultural production, which was used to support Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places to implement the "one spray and more promotion" of autumn grain crops, so as to provide guarantee for stable autumn grain production and annual grain harvest.　

In the first half of the year, the revenue of cultural enterprises above designated size increased by 7.5% year-on-year

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, in the first half of the year, cultural enterprises above designated size achieved operating income of 6,496.1 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5% over the same period of last year, and realized total profits of 525 billion yuan, an increase of 8.9% over the same period of last year. The profitability of cultural enterprises has steadily improved, and new cultural formats have maintained rapid growth.

Ministry of Finance: Deepen the reform of fiscal and taxation system and improve the tax system.

On the morning of July 31, the State Council Office held a series of press conferences on "Promoting High-quality Development". The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance said that it would further deepen the reform of China’s fiscal and taxation system, improve the tax system and improve the local tax system.

Wang Dongwei, Vice Minister of Finance, said that the promotion of consumption tax collection should be moved backward and steadily devolved to local governments, and factors such as the income division between central and local governments and the ability of tax collection and management should be considered as a whole, and it should be implemented steadily by item and step by step, so as to expand local income sources and guide local governments to improve the consumption environment.

At the same time, the study will combine urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge into local surcharge, and authorize local authorities to determine the specific applicable tax rate within a certain range. Reform the environmental protection tax to include volatile organic compounds in the collection scope. In addition, we should appropriately expand the local tax power and standardize the management of non-tax revenue. The Ministry of Finance will deepen the demonstration of specific reform plans, mature one and launch one.

National Energy Administration: Make every effort to ensure the safe and stable supply of electricity during peak summer.

On the morning of July 31, the National Energy Administration held a press conference. It was introduced at the meeting that in terms of China’s energy situation in the first half of this year, the foundation of energy supply and demand during peak summer was further consolidated. At present, various measures will be taken to ensure the supply and demand during peak summer.

Since the beginning of summer, there have been persistent high temperature weather in many parts of the country, and the maximum power load has risen rapidly. In terms of consolidating the foundation of energy supply, the National Energy Administration said that it would speed up the construction of supportive and regulated power supply, with the coal storage capacity of power plants reaching more than 200 million tons, and the port inventory at an all-time high. The support capacity of coal, coal and electricity continued to increase, the transmission capacity of inter-provincial and inter-regional channels continued to increase, the power mutual assistance capacity continued to increase, and the installed capacity of new energy storage continued to grow rapidly, which also provided an important guarantee for this year’s peak summer.

At present, it is a critical period to ensure power supply during the peak summer, and the National Energy Administration will take many measures to meet the social and economic development and people’s demand for electricity.

The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security released the latest batch of new occupations.

On July 31st, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security announced the latest batch of new jobs, including 19 new jobs such as bioengineering technicians and 28 new jobs such as auto parts sales managers.

19 new occupations and 28 new jobs were added.

The new occupations released this time have added 19 occupations, including bioengineering technicians, oral hygiene technicians, network security level protection appraisers, cloud network intelligent operators, and generative artificial intelligence system users. Among them, there are 9 digital occupations.

The increment of "green" occupation expansion continuously improves social recognition.

Among the new occupations released this time, green occupations are expanding. Among them, "Operation and Maintenance Manager of Energy Storage Power Station", "Power Quality Manager" and "Hydrogen-based Direct Reduction Ironmaker" are marked as green occupations. The release of these new occupations and their inclusion in the green occupation sequence will continuously improve their social recognition.

Life service occupation continued to improve.

In addition to the new occupation moving from "number" to "green", the life service occupation is also constantly improving, with the addition of "Wenchuang product planning operator" and "ski patrol rescuer".

Among the new types of work, including the addition of "flower broker" under the occupation of "agricultural product broker"; Under the occupation of "nursing for the aged", two jobs of "community assistant for the elderly" and "bath assistant for the elderly" are added; Add the job of "leisure campsite housekeeper" under the occupation of "hotel housekeeper" and so on.

People’s Daily Overseas Edition： The United States has been injured in provoking a trade war.

On June 30th, the People’s Daily overseas edition reported that the Trump administration was waving a tariff stick, and the United States itself had already suffered "casualties": unemployed people, companies that had cut production and were about to stop production, and large companies that transferred some production outside the United States … All these made Trump very angry. Holding high the banner of "America first" and making great efforts to protect American companies, however, the protected people are obviously ungrateful. Can the differences at the decision-making level, the pressure from the American people and the appeals from all over the world make the Trump administration change its mind?

"backyard fire"

Trump is angry. The direct cause is the decision of Harley-Davidson, an American motorcycle manufacturer.

After the United States imposed retaliatory tariffs on the EU, the EU offered countermeasures. Among them, the tariff on motorcycles imported from the United States was raised from 6% to 31% on June 22. On June 25th, Harley-Davidson announced that this move would increase the company’s annual cost by 90 million to 100 million dollars. Therefore, the brand plans to move some motorcycle production lines out of the United States. On the same day, the market value of the five major technology giants in the United States evaporated by more than 80 billion US dollars, causing a "stock market bloody case".

The largest steel nail manufacturer in the United States is also hanging. Midland Nail Company, located in Missouri, recently laid off 60 of its 500 employees because the steel import tariff increased by 25%, which led to higher costs. After the company raised the price to cope with the rising steel price, the order was reduced by 50%. These unemployed employees were called "the first casualties" of Trump trade war by Washington post.

A spokesman for the company said on June 26 that unless the federal government exempts imported steel from high tariffs, the company may stop production before Labor Day in September. The spokesman told CNN that the company was "on the verge of disappearing". Another possibility is to move to Mexico, because most steel raw materials come from Mexico. There, it can buy steel without tariffs, and then export the finished nails to the United States without tariffs.

The American business community is worried that what happened to the nail factory in Central China is just the tip of the iceberg. The American Chamber of Commerce estimates that 2.6 million jobs in the United States are at risk because of the Trump administration’s tough trade policy. Moody’s, a research firm, estimates that 2.4 million jobs may be laid off.

Worry is spreading. Strategists at ING pointed out that tit-for-tat tariff escalation has led to the deterioration of the US economic prospects, and the US dollar may lose its status as a safe haven currency. Bostic, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, said that if the situation of trade disputes worsens, he may rule out the possibility of raising interest rates for the fourth time this year.

"self-defeating"

The analysis pointed out that in several trade wars launched in the United States at the same time, each side retaliated against the United States. Originally, it was just a war of words, but it has caused unexpected consequences.

For example, Oreshkin, Russian Minister of Economic Development, said that cars and American road-building equipment imported from the United States may become the target of Russian tariff increase. Canada decided to impose retaliatory tariffs on American goods with a total value of about $12.8 billion from July 1. In early June, Mexico imposed a tariff with the highest tax rate of 25% on some American goods. India also announced that the import tariff on chickpeas produced in the United States will be raised to 70% from August 4, and the tariffs on other American imports will also be raised. Turkey has imposed a total tariff of 267 million US dollars on 22 kinds of goods imported from the United States since June 21st.

Bowen, a senior researcher at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, said that the tariff trade war initiated by the United States is "easily self-defeating". He also said, "Like Harley’s corporate behavior this time, as long as Trump mentions tariff increases again, American companies will follow suit."

Some experts said that as the first "Made in America" to leave, the Harley incident indicates that the Trump administration’s economic policy and trade policy have sent a failure signal and will bring a series of chain reactions. At present, the energy, agriculture and manufacturing industries in the United States are suffering. As more and more countries such as the European Union, China, Indian, Turkish and Mexican countries impose retaliatory tariffs on American products, the White House may see more "Made in America" leaving home. If it wants to impose unprecedented high taxes on American enterprises that have left and start the "doomsday" procedure, there is no doubt that "trade terrorism" will first make its own family swallow the consequences.

The New York Times pointed out that Trump’s trade war affected the entire American economy, and it was difficult for American enterprises to get rid of the numerous tariffs imposed at home and abroad. Trump claimed that the trade policy he advocated was aimed at reviving the American manufacturing industry, but Harley’s trend showed that Trump’s trade war ignored the dependence of American enterprises on the world raw materials and production and marketing markets, which would make the American economy "catch fire in the backyard".

Sudden pressure increase

In the United States, the Trump administration began to face increasing pressure.

American industry strongly criticized the Trump administration’s new tariff policy. The Financial Times reported that world steel association and two of its member companies filed a lawsuit in the US International Trade Court on June 27th, arguing that the "Article 232" on which the Trump administration imposed a 25% tariff on imported steel products was unconstitutional, and asked the court to order the suspension of the above-mentioned steel tariffs.

In terms of automobile tariffs, Trump has also been opposed by several automobile manufacturer organizations. According to the American Automobile Manufacturers Union, the 25% tariff will make buyers pay an extra $5,800 when buying a new car, and consumers in the United States will pay nearly $45 billion in automobile tariffs.

Republican lawmakers in Congress who are in favor of free trade, with the support of the US Department of Commerce and other business groups, are working hard to strictly limit President Trump’s right to further impose tariffs from the legal level.

Utah Senator orrin hatch, the chairman of the Senate Finance Committee in charge of trade policy, said that he planned to promote independent legislation, and the focus would be on Section 232 adopted by Trump to impose tariffs on steel and aluminum on trading allies this year, so as to solve the concerns of lawmakers about Trump’s imposition of new tariffs.

Bob Corker, a senior Republican senator from Tennessee and chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said that he would try to propose at the Senate meeting that a farm bill be added to restrict the president’s power, stipulating that the president would be subject to congressional review when imposing tariffs on national security grounds.

In addition, on June 26, more than 270 national and local commercial organizations in the United States issued a joint letter calling on Congress to pass legislation to restrict the power of US President Trump to impose tariffs on national security grounds.

The outside world is increasingly worried that Trump’s trade war practice may bite the industries and the overall economy of the United States. Such concerns have now overshadowed the optimism that the massive tax cuts passed at the end of last year will boost the economy.

Do you want to carry out the trade war to the end? Trump needs to think seriously.

(The original title is "Provoking a Trade War, the United States has been injured")

On the first day of 2017, these regulations were officially implemented! It’s about your food, clothing, housing and transportation

　　CCTV News:On January 1, 2017, a number of regulations will be officially implemented. It involves the payment of purchase tax for small-displacement vehicles, the handling of flight delays, the replacement of train tickets, the use of credit cards and the medical insurance system. Let’s see which laws and regulations will affect our food, clothing, housing and transportation.

　　Tariff reduction of a variety of imported foods

　　From January 1st, 2017, China will partially adjust the import and export tariffs, and the import tariffs on cultural consumer goods such as tuna, pandalus borealis, cranberries and original sculptures will be reduced. In response to people’s concerns about medical care and health, the import tariffs on bark and branches of Taxus chinensis for the production of anticancer drugs and acarbose hydrate for the treatment of diabetes will also be reduced.

　　Next year, China will continue to implement the agreed tax rate on some imported goods originating in 25 countries or regions, among which some goods from Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, Pakistan and other countries need to be further reduced.

　　Luring infants away from their caregivers is regarded as "stealing infants"

　　The Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in the Trial of Crimes of Trafficking in Women and Children, promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court, came into effect on January 1, 2017. The explanation is clear, and it is regarded as "stealing infants and young children" as stipulated in the criminal law to deceive or induce infants and young children to leave their guardians or caregivers. Workers of medical institutions, social welfare institutions and other units who sell children who have been treated, cared for and raised to others for the purpose of making illegal profits shall be punished as crime of trafficking in children.

　　The purchase tax on small displacement vehicles was 7.5% off in 2017, compared with 50% off before.

　　The Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued a notice that from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017, the vehicle purchase tax will be levied at a reduced rate of 7.5% for passenger cars with a displacement of 1.6 liters or less. From January 1, 2018, the vehicle purchase tax will be resumed at the statutory tax rate of 10%. Previously, the purchase tax on small-displacement vehicles was 5%.

　　No.93 and No.97 gasoline are delisted.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission announced that in order to cope with the severe air pollution situation, accelerate the upgrading of refined oil quality and improve air quality, starting from January 1, 2017, China will fully supply national V standard motor gasoline and diesel, and stop domestic sales of motor gasoline and diesel below national V standard. This means that gasoline No.90, No.93 and No.97, which used to be the national IV standard, will be officially withdrawn from the historical stage and replaced by gasoline No.89, No.92, No.95 and No.98, which is the national V standard.

　　Real-name registration system train tickets can be reissued before leaving the station.

　　From January 1, 2017, the railway department will further improve the method of reporting the loss of tickets in real-name registration system. If passengers lose their tickets in real-name registration system before boarding or checking out, they can go to the train conductor or go to the exit of the station to report the loss.

　　Credit card late payment fee changed to liquidated damages

　　On January 1, 2017, the Notice of the People’s Bank of China on Credit Card Business was implemented. The new regulations have relaxed the previous restrictions that "the maximum interest-free repayment period cannot exceed 60 days and the minimum repayment amount cannot be less than 10%", and changed to the discretion of the issuing bank.

　　"Late payment fee" is changed to "liquidated damages". If the cardholder fails to repay the loan within the time limit, the card issuer shall agree with the cardholder whether to collect liquidated damages through agreement.

　　The new regulations also stipulate that the limit for ATM machines to handle credit card cash withdrawal business will be raised from the current accumulated RMB 2,000 per card per day to RMB 10,000.

　　Letting passengers "wait" in the plane is considered as "on-board delay"

　　The Regulations on Normal Flight Management came into effect on January 1, 2017. It stipulates that when there are three kinds of flight delays, air transport enterprises should provide meals or accommodation services to passengers:

　　1. Due to the carrier’s own reasons such as maintenance, flight deployment and crew, the departure of the flight at the place of origin is delayed or cancelled;

　　2. Delays or cancellations of domestic flights at stopovers;

　　3. Domestic flights are alternate.

　　Passengers who delay accommodation due to weather should take care of themselves.

　　The regulations also point out that due to weather, emergencies, air traffic control, security check and other non-carrier reasons, the carrier should assist the passengers in arranging meals and accommodation at their own expense.

　　In the regulations, it is defined as "on-board delay" when passengers wait in the aircraft for more than the ground taxiing time specified by the airport from the time after the flight door is opened to the time before takeoff or from the time after landing to the time before opening the door.

　　If the delay on board exceeds 2 hours (inclusive), drinking water and food shall be provided for the passengers on board. If the flight is delayed for more than 3 hours (inclusive) and there is no clear departure time, the air transport enterprise shall arrange passengers to get off the plane and wait without violating the aviation safety and security regulations.

　　Civil aviation security inspection: carrying valuables is not allowed for public security inspection.

　　The new version of the Civil Aviation Safety Inspection Rules was officially implemented on January 1, 2017. The new regulations stipulate that, for example, passengers with valuables, pacemakers and disabled passengers, civil aviation security agencies can conduct private inspections, which are generally carried out by two or more security inspectors of the same sex as passengers.

　　Compared with the old version, the new Civil Aviation Safety Inspection Rules change the documents to be checked "valid flight identity documents, passenger tickets and boarding passes" into "valid flight identity documents and valid boarding certificates". The boarding steps are expected to be reduced.

　　Basically realize the nationwide networking of medical insurance.

　　The "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Direct Settlement of Hospitalization Medical Expenses of Basic Medical Insurance in Different Provinces and Different Places" clarifies that by the end of 2016, medical insurance will be basically networked nationwide, and the direct settlement of hospitalization medical expenses for retirees in different provinces will be initiated; In 2017, it began to gradually solve the direct settlement of hospitalization medical expenses for retirees resettled in different provinces, and at the end of the year, it was extended to the direct settlement of hospitalization medical expenses for people who met the referral requirements; Combined with the reform of local household registration and residence permit system, long-term residents and permanent staff in different places will be gradually included in the direct settlement coverage of medical expenses for hospitalization in different places.

　　The price of salt is fully liberalized.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission announced that the ex-factory, wholesale and retail prices of salt will be released from January 1, 2017, which will be determined independently by enterprises according to factors such as production and operation costs, salt quality and market supply and demand.

　　Eating key protected wild animals will be held accountable

　　The newly revised Wildlife Protection Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) will be implemented on January 1, 2017. Among them, it is clearly stated that wild animals should not be abused, and the treatment of wild animals should not violate social morality.

　　The new regulations also clarify that online trading platforms, commodity trading markets and other trading places are prohibited from providing trading services for illegal sale, purchase and utilization of wild animals and their products or hunting tools that are prohibited from being used; It is forbidden to produce, manage and use foods made of wildlife under special state protection and its products, or use foods made of wildlife under special state protection and its products without legal source certificate; It is forbidden to illegally buy wild animals and their products under special state protection for food; Anyone who releases wild animals at will, causing personal or property damage to others or endangering the ecosystem, shall bear legal responsibility according to law.

　　Suspend all accounts of the account holder involved in telecom fraud.

　　The Notice of the People’s Bank of China on Strengthening the Management of Payment and Settlement to Prevent New Crimes in Telecommunication Networks stipulates that since January 1, 2017, if the bank account and payment account used by criminals to carry out new crimes in telecommunication networks are included in the list of "accounts involved", banks and payment institutions will suspend all business of the account.

　　Banks and payment institutions shall suspend the off-counter business of bank accounts and all business of payment accounts for five years for the units and individuals that have been identified by the public security organs as renting, lending, selling or buying bank accounts or payment accounts and the relevant organizers, and the units and individuals that have opened bank accounts or payment accounts under the guise of others’ identities or fictitious agency relationships, and shall not open new accounts for them for three years.

　　Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s national defense traffic law

　　The National Defense Traffic Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall come into force on January 1, 2017. This law is the first national defense military legislation since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and it is also the first important law to implement this strategy after the Party and the state upgraded the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies to a national strategy. According to the law, under special circumstances in wartime and peacetime, the state shall, according to needs, set up a joint command organization for national defense and transportation to co-ordinate the transportation resources of the whole country or local areas, and uniformly organize and direct transportation and the emergency repair, construction and protection of transportation facilities and equipment.

　　Implementation of the management law of domestic activities of overseas NGOs

　　The Law on the Administration of Domestic Activities of Non-governmental Organizations Outside People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall come into force on January 1, 2017. It is pointed out that the overseas non-governmental organizations mentioned in this law refer to non-profit and non-governmental social organizations such as foundations, social organizations and think tanks legally established abroad. Overseas non-governmental organizations may, in accordance with this law, carry out activities that are conducive to the development of public welfare undertakings in the fields of economy, education, science and technology, culture, health, sports, environmental protection, and poverty relief and disaster relief. Overseas NGOs are not allowed to engage in or fund profit-making activities, political activities, or illegally engage in or fund religious activities in China.

　　Implementation of "Regulations on Military Audit"

　　The newly revised Regulations on Military Audit shall come into force on January 1, 2017. This regulation consists of 11 chapters and 77 articles, which greatly expands the original pattern of 8 chapters and 58 articles, covering the guiding ideology of military audit work, the scope of application of the regulation, the audit system, audit matters, audit authority, audit performance guarantee mechanism, audit procedures and work system, etc. It is clear that the audit of all units of the Armed Police Force and leading cadres at all levels shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions on the audit of military units and leading cadres.

　　Major labor protection violations will be announced regularly.

　　The Measures for the Social Publication of Major Labor Security Violations and the Measures for the Evaluation of Enterprise Labor Security Law-abiding Integrity Level were officially implemented on January 1, 2017. After the introduction of these two new systems, employers are like putting on a "tightening spell". On the one hand, publicizing major labor security violations to the public is conducive to strengthening public opinion supervision, promoting employers to consciously abide by labor security-related laws and regulations, and promoting the creation of positive and good labor relations. On the other hand, once the employer violates the labor security law, it will also affect its own credit rating and become an important goal of supervision and law enforcement.

　　Local 2017 new regulations

　　Beijing: Inheritance property is no longer compulsory notarization.

　　The Beijing Real Estate Registration Work Standard (Trial) was officially implemented on January 1, 2017. An important provision of this code is that notarization is no longer a prerequisite for the registration of inherited (bequeathed) real estate, but becomes an option for applicants who handle inheritance (bequeathed), and they can choose whether or not to be notarized.

　　Shanghai: Consumer rights protection can be submitted for personal inspection.

　　The Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Inspection and Testing will be implemented on January 1, 2017. It is clearly stipulated that inspection and testing institutions belong to public institutions and have "universal service obligations", and their qualification scope should be announced. Except for special circumstances such as the object for inspection does not meet the sample standards, inspection and testing services shall not be refused.

　　Changsha: No homework beyond the ability of primary school students can be assigned.

　　The "Six Provisions on Reducing the Overweight Schoolwork Burden of Primary School Students in Changsha (Trial)" came into effect on January 1, 2017. Among them, it is required that no written homework be left in the first and second grades of primary school, and the written homework in the third to sixth grades of primary school should be controlled within one hour a day in principle. Do not assign homework beyond the ability of primary school students, and effectively reduce simple memory and mechanical repetition exercises. Teachers must assign homework to students in class, and parents are not allowed to download and print homework through the Internet.

　　The regulations also require that classes in primary schools should start no earlier than 8:30 in the morning, and the study time in school (including self-study) should not exceed 6 hours every day. Open your feet and get a good physical education class. Arrange big recess activities or exercises and eye exercises to ensure that students have no less than one hour of sunshine physical exercise every day during their school days.

　　Hebei: Newly-built residential quarters are equipped with home-based aged care facilities simultaneously.

　　The Regulations on Home Care Services in Hebei Province was implemented on January 1, 2017. It stipulates that new residential quarters should be equipped with home care service facilities at the same time. Moreover, rural home-based care for the elderly can rely on administrative villages and natural villages, and use idle village collective land, houses, farmhouses and other places to build rural happy homes and other old-age service facilities according to the actual situation.

　　Shandong: No repetition in compulsory education.

　　The Regulations on the Administration of Student Status of Ordinary Primary and Secondary Schools in Shandong Province will be implemented on January 1, 2017 and will be valid until December 31, 2022. Among them, it is clear that students are promoted directly in each period and are not allowed to repeat grades. Students with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique and particularly excellent academic performance may apply by the students or their parents or legal guardians. After being evaluated by the school and reported to the competent education administrative department for confirmation, they can skip classes within this semester. Under normal circumstances, you are only allowed to skip a grade once in this semester, and you can only skip one grade at a time.

　　Xinjiang: Noise pollution caused by night construction will be fined up to 200,000 yuan.

　　The newly revised Regulations on Environmental Protection of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region came into effect on January 1, 2017. It stipulates that construction work that produces noise pollution in urban residential areas, hospitals and other areas at night, or engaging in noise pollution activities around residential areas and test sites during the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination, shall be fined 50,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan.

　　Tibet implements newly revised border management regulations

　　The newly revised Regulations on Border Management in Xizang Autonomous Region came into force on January 1, 2017. The regulations have improved the regulations on the management of production operations in border management areas and border zones. Require the relevant examination and approval departments to promptly notify the public security frontier defense department, the PLA frontier defense force and the foreign affairs department of activities such as surveying, mapping, exploration, mining, logging, blasting, scientific investigation, mountaineering and filming in the border management area; Those who engage in the above-mentioned activities in the border areas require the examination and approval department to solicit the opinions of the public security frontier defense department, the PLA frontier defense force and the foreign affairs department in advance.

　　Guizhou: Old people can refuse financial assistance to their children.

　　The Regulations on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly in Guizhou Province will come into force on January 1, 2017. It stipulates that the supporter shall not refuse to perform the maintenance obligation on the grounds of giving up the inheritance right, divorce or remarriage of the elderly, etc. The elderly can ask the supporters to make a written support guarantee or sign an agreement between them to fulfill their support obligations. The regulations also clarify that if an adult child with independent living ability asks for financial assistance from the elderly, the elderly can refuse.

　　Hainan: Encourage private capital to participate in the construction of telecommunications facilities.

　　Regulations on the Construction and Protection of Telecommunication Facilities in Hainan Province shall come into force on January 1, 2017. According to the regulations, Hainan will encourage private capital to participate in the construction and maintenance of telecommunications facilities.

　　Yuntai Mountain and Jiuzhaigou: You can visit the park by swiping your ID card.

　　On January 1st, 2017, real-name registration system ticket purchase was fully implemented in Yuntai Mountain and Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area. After visiting Yuntai Mountain and Jiuzhaigou, tourists need to bring their second-generation ID cards and other real-name certificates. After booking tickets online or activating their ID cards on site, they don’t need other tickets, so they can swipe their ID cards to visit the park.

▲ data map: Jiuzhaigou

It is sunny and warm in the middle and early stage, and windy and rainy in the later stage! The weather forecast for the May Day holiday in Hebei Province was released.

Today (April 30th)

It’s the last day of April

May day is coming soon.

Let’s take a look

During the "May Day" holidayWeather conditions

Temperature aspect

The temperature is still low in most parts of the south.

This state may continue during the May Day holiday.

In the north, it stopped with rain.

The temperature began to rebound one after another today.

In most areas in the next three days

The maximum temperature will gradually

Rise above 25℃

Speaking of temperature

Do you feel that in April this year?

Extremely hot

China Meteorological AdministrationConfirm!

The temperature in April in China is

The highest in the same period in history since 1961.

The China Meteorological Bureau introduced the national weather and climate characteristics in April this year today. Jia Xiaolong, deputy director of the National Climate Center, said that as of April 28th, the national average temperature was 13.2℃, 1.9℃ higher than normal, the highest in the same period since 1961. It is 2 ~ 4℃ higher in most parts of central and eastern China, and 4 ~ 6℃ higher in parts of central and southern Inner Mongolia, northeastern Shanxi and northwestern Hebei.

Look at the weather in Hebei again

↓↓↓

1-4 May

The weather in Hebei province is mainly sunny to cloudy.

The temperature rises gradually.

Conducive to traveling abroad

Night of 4-5 May

onceProvince-wide rainfall process

Among them, there is moderate rain in the central and northern regions.

Most parts of the province on the 5th.

The maximum temperature drops by 4 ~ 6℃

During the holidays, the wind in Hebei Province is generally strong.

It is suggested that all localities strengthen forest areas.

Wind and fire prevention work in grasslands and towns

Prevent the occurrence of fire

Focus on the weather

Weather facts and trends

This morning, the cold air was still online, and the temperature continued to drop. At 6 o’clock, compared with the same time yesterday, there was a drop of about 4 C in most parts of Hebei Province, and the local drop in the north was about 8 C. After cooling, at 6 o’clock, the temperature dropped to about 0~3℃ in the northwest, and it was about 6~12℃ in most other areas, with obvious coolness.

Fortunately, during the day, the sun reappears and the heating mode restarts. At 10 o’clock in the morning, the temperature in most parts of central and southern China rose to about 18℃. In the afternoon, under the action of light warming, the highest temperature in most areas can reach 20℃, and the warmth returns.

The sun shines almost every day, but today, when we look up, we see such a beautiful magical view of solar halo!

During the "May Day" holiday

Weather conditions in Hebei province

precipitation

On May 5, there were showers or light rain in most parts of the province, and moderate rain in the northeast.

gale

During the day on May 1-3, there are southerly winds of 4 to 6 in most parts of the province; On 5-6 days, there were 5-6 winds from north to northeast and 7 gusts in Bohai Sea and coastal areas.

lower the temperature

On May 5th, the temperature in most parts of the province dropped by 4 ~ 6℃. The minimum temperature did not drop significantly; The highest temperature in Zhangjiakou, northern Chengde and northwestern Baoding is 9 ~ 15℃, while that in other areas is 16 ~ 21℃.

Dressing map of Hebei

Hebei city forecast

Finally, I attach it for you.

National weather conditions during holidays

Before the May Day holiday (May 1st and 2nd), the weather was fine in most parts of northern China, with light rain or showers in the western region, and less rain in Jianghuai, Jianghan and Jiangnan areas. The weather conditions were generally favorable for everyone to travel. In the latter part of the holiday (May 3-5), there was a large-scale precipitation process in the central and eastern regions.There are moderate to heavy rains and local heavy rains in parts of Jiangnan and South China;East of Northwest China, Huanghuai, North China and South of Northeast ChinaThere is little to moderate rain, local heavy rain or heavy rain,Some areas are accompanied by strong convective weather, which may affect the return trip during the holiday.

On the occasion of May Day.

May you get rid of your tiredness.

Carry a happy bag on your back

Have an indifferent and leisurely heart.

Take a wanton trip.

I wish you a pleasant journey in advance

Happy Labor Day!

(Comprehensive from Hebei Weather, Beijing Daily, China News Network, @ Hebei Weather, etc.)

Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on Doing a Good Job in Agricultural and Rural Economic Work in 2012

In order to fully implement the Central Rural Work Conference and "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Continuously Enhancing the Supply Guarantee Ability of Agricultural Products" (Zhongfa [2012〕oneNo.), as well as the spirit of the national agricultural work conference, and earnestly do a good job.2012Agricultural and rural economic work in 2000, we hereby put forward the following opinions, please combine the actual situation and earnestly implement them.

2011In 2000, faced with severe challenges such as abnormal natural disasters and abnormal fluctuating market environment, agricultural departments at all levels resolutely implemented the deployment requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, successfully completed the goal and task of "doing everything possible and making efforts to ensure", and consolidated and developed the good momentum of stable development of agricultural and rural economy. Grain production has reached a new record high, reaching the first step.11000A new step of 100 million Jin has been stable for five consecutive years.oneMore than one trillion Jin, achieving the first eight consecutive years of production increase in half a century. The output of major agricultural products increased in an all-round way, the market supply of agricultural products was sufficient, the quality and safety remained at a high level, the situation of major animal epidemics was generally stable, agricultural machinery, agricultural reclamation and township enterprises continued to develop, and the import and export trade of agricultural products grew rapidly. Farmers’ income has achieved double-digit growth, the highest in history, and the growth rate has exceeded that of urban residents for two consecutive years. Increasing agricultural production and increasing farmers’ income have won the initiative to curb excessive price increases and cope with the international financial crisis, and made important contributions to maintaining stable and rapid economic development and maintaining social harmony and stability.

20122008 is an important year for implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and our party will hold the 18th National Congress. Doing a good job in agricultural and rural economy, ensuring the effective supply of agricultural products and increasing farmers’ income continuously are of special significance to the overall economic and social development. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have put forward new and clear requirements for accelerating agricultural scientific and technological innovation, continuously improving the supply guarantee capacity of agricultural products, and promoting the rapid growth of farmers’ income, and issued stronger support policies. The development of agricultural and rural economy faces many favorable conditions. But at the same time, it also faces many challenges, such as high development base and production cost, uncertain climatic conditions and market changes. It is obviously more difficult to maintain stable grain production and increase farmers’ employment and income, and the task is even more arduous and arduous. Agricultural departments at all levels must strengthen their sense of hardship and responsibility, estimate the difficulties and problems more fully, make good preparations for the response, do all the work well, and be sure to prevent blind optimism, lax work and weakened policies, prevent turning points in grain production and decline in farmers’ income, and resolutely consolidate and develop the hard-won good situation.

2012The general requirement of agricultural and rural economic work in is to conscientiously implement the decision-making and deployment of the Central Rural Work Conference and the Central CommitteeoneDocument No.1, thoroughly implement the spirit of Scientific Outlook on Development, focus on the stable development of grain production, accelerate agricultural scientific and technological innovation, comprehensively promote the construction of modern agriculture, adhere to the goal of "two ways to ensure two efforts", and do everything possible to stabilize grain production.10500More than 100 million Jin, the increase in farmers’ income remained at7.5%Above all, efforts should be made to ensure that major agricultural product quality and safety incidents and regional major animal epidemics do not occur, continuously improve the supply guarantee capacity of agricultural products, and provide a basic guarantee for achieving stable and rapid economic and social development.

First, implement and improve the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers, and further increase agricultural support and protection.

oneFully implement the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers.2012In, the central government continued to increase investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and the increment and proportion of financial investment, investment in fixed assets and investment in agricultural science and technology all increased. Agricultural departments at all levels should seize the rare opportunity, do a good job in implementation and supporting, strengthen policy propaganda, increase supervision, and ensure that the central government’s policy of strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers is fully implemented at the grassroots level and fulfilled by farmers. The "four subsidies" for agriculture, the creation of high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar, the compensation for grassland ecological protection, the reward and subsidy for large production counties, and the special production of "vegetable basket" will be the focus of policy implementation, and the new subsidies will be actively promoted to the main producing areas, large farmers and farmers’ professional cooperatives. Promote the improvement of the interest compensation mechanism in the main producing areas, and implement the incentive and subsidy policies for large grain (oil) producing counties and large counties where pigs are transferred. Promote the improvement and implementation of policies such as the minimum purchase price of grain, temporary storage and storage of bulk agricultural products, and regulation of the pig market, explore the establishment of a price stability mechanism for major vegetable varieties, and maintain a reasonable level of agricultural products prices. Actively promote agricultural aid to Xinjiang and Tibet and poverty alleviation and development, strengthen financial, technical and talent support, and promote coordinated regional development.

2Promote the improvement of supporting policies such as rural finance and rural social development.We will continue to improve rural financial support policies, innovate rural financial institutions, products and services, guide farmers’ professional cooperatives to standardize credit cooperation, and explore effective ways to meet rural financial needs. Promote the expansion of agricultural insurance types and coverage, increase premium subsidies, carry out pilot projects of premium subsidies for facility agriculture, support the development of fishery mutual insurance, and encourage local governments to carry out production insurance for advantageous agricultural products. We will implement the policy of rebuilding dilapidated houses in agricultural reclamation areas, steadily promote the process of urbanization in agricultural reclamation areas, and accelerate the improvement of the living environment of farm workers. Promote rural social management innovation and cultural construction, promote the implementation of rural social security, compulsory education and secondary vocational education, culture benefiting the people and other policies, and accelerate the improvement of rural people’s livelihood.

Two, to seize a good harvest of grain production, stable development of cash crops such as cotton, oil and sugar production.

threeDo a good job in grain production without slackening.Do everything possible to stabilize the sown area of grain, rely on science and technology to improve the yield and quality, and realize the increase of summer grain and early rice production and the stability of autumn grain. Summer grain pays special attention to drought resistance and pest control in winter and spring, and implements drought-resistant watering and "one spray and three defenses" for wheat. Early rice pays special attention to soil preparation and seedling raising, and promotes the application of greenhouse seedling raising and centralized seedling raising technology. Autumn grain highlights the promotion of early maturity and disaster prevention and reduction, pays special attention to corn production, actively implements drip irrigation under plastic film in northeast China and full film mulching technology in northwest China, and taps the potential of corn yield increase. We will continue to carry out actions to stabilize grain production, improve the mechanism of coordinated supervision of grain production by various departments, organize the assessment and evaluation of comprehensive grain production capacity, and promote the implementation of the grain governor responsibility system. We will continue to strengthen the promotion of the establishment of an integrated system for high-yield grain production, select large grain-producing cities with good basic conditions, great potential for increasing production and high scientific and technological level, and take the lead in launching pilot projects for the establishment of high-yield grain preparation cities. Promote the combination of high-yield demonstration films with high-standard farmland construction, leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, farmers’ professional cooperatives and various social service organizations, improve the production conditions of high-yield demonstration films, and improve the degree of organization of grain production in terms of agricultural materials supply, farming harvest, production management, and pest control. Strengthen agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, strengthen soil moisture situation and production situation monitoring and disaster prediction and early warning, accelerate the professional unified prevention and control of crop pests and diseases, and improve the support policies for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases.

fourCoordinate the development of cash crops such as cotton, oil and sugar.Support superior producing areas to strengthen the construction of production bases such as cotton, oilseeds and sugar, stabilize the area, optimize the layout, improve the yield and improve the efficiency. Continue to promote the establishment of high-yield cotton, oil and sugar, carry out pilot projects in the whole town, organically combine with technical demonstration and promotion such as cotton seedling transplanting, healthy sugarcane seedling and mechanization of the whole production process, strengthen technical training and on-site observation, and effectively enhance the demonstration and driving effect. Strengthen the construction of natural rubber and other hot production bases, optimize the layout of production structure, cultivate superior and characteristic products, and improve the level of industrial development.

fiveAccelerate the construction of modern agriculture in state farms.Focusing on irrigation and water conservancy, material equipment and scientific and technological innovation, we will strengthen the construction of large-scale production bases for high-quality agricultural products in agricultural reclamation, further improve the supply guarantee capacity of grain, sugar, cotton, pigs, cows and natural rubber in agricultural reclamation, and give play to the demonstration and leading role of agricultural reclamation in modern agricultural construction. Support the development of state-owned agricultural enterprises in agricultural reclamation, make good use of state-owned capital budget investment, promote resource integration and capital operation, promote industrial transformation, and cultivate a number of large multinational agricultural enterprise groups.

Three, the stable development of "vegetable basket" product production, to ensure the effective supply of major agricultural products.

sixImprove the production level of horticultural products such as vegetables.Implement the national vegetable industry development plan and strengthen the construction of production bases in advantageous producing areas. Stabilize the amount of vegetable fields in large and medium-sized cities and improve the self-sufficiency of local seasonal vegetables. Strengthen the monitoring of vegetable production information and expand the monitoring scope to580A key county of vegetable industry. Support the construction of intensive vegetable nursery and improve the level of vegetable production facilities. We will continue to establish standard gardens for horticultural crops such as vegetables, fruit trees and tea, and promote standardized production.

sevenDo a good job in the production of major livestock products such as pigs, cattle and sheep.Stabilize the development of pig production, effectively improve the sow’s farrowing ability, the survival rate of piglets and the scientific raising level of pigs, strengthen production monitoring and situation prediction, improve the control plan as soon as possible, start the control measures at the right time, and strive to avoid large fluctuations in pig prices. Vigorously support the production of beef and mutton, focusing on ensuring the production and supply of beef and mutton in ethnic areas. Promote the transformation of grassland animal husbandry production mode in pastoral areas, promote large-scale, intensive production and efficient centralized fattening in northern agricultural areas and semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas, and promote moderate-scale breeding in southern areas. Vigorously improve the standardization and thoroughbred level of beef and mutton production, strengthen the construction of beef and mutton production counties, and improve the comprehensive production capacity of beef and mutton. Do a good job in the construction of forage base and start the implementation of the action to revitalize the development of alfalfa in dairy industry. Continue to promote the development of standardized scale breeding of livestock and poultry and strengthen the construction of improved seed breeding system.

eightPromote the healthy development of fisheries.Expand the establishment scale of aquaculture demonstration farm, carry out the pilot project of aquaculture ecological environment restoration, speed up the standardization transformation of ponds, improve the comprehensive production capacity and disaster prevention and mitigation capacity of aquaculture, and ensure the safe and effective supply of aquatic products. We will carry out the construction of improved seed system and the promotion of production norms, build a number of genetic breeding centers and original seed farms for large varieties and superior varieties, comprehensively promote the quarantine of aquatic seed production areas, and improve the ability to ensure the production of original aquatic seed, the selection of new varieties and the adjustment of seedlings after disasters. Support the expansion of offshore fishing, support the upgrading of professional and standardized offshore fishing boats and the development of new fishing grounds resources. Strengthen the construction and management of fishing ports and fishery administration. Promote the project of fishermen who take boats as their homes to live ashore.

nineIn-depth implementation of a new round of "vegetable basket" project.Strengthen departmental communication and coordination, and promote the implementation of various policies to support the development of the vegetable basket industry. Promote local governments to strictly implement the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, and explore the responsibility assessment around indicators such as the amount of production land, the self-sufficiency rate of key products, the qualified rate of product quality and safety, and the ability to support emergency supply.

Four, strengthen the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products, and make unremitting efforts to prevent and control major animal diseases.

10Strengthen the safety supervision of agricultural product pledge.We will continue to carry out in-depth special rectification of the quality and safety of agricultural products, effectively strengthen the special rectification of "Clenbuterol" and the quality and safety supervision of raw milk, and implement centralized management of outstanding problems in individual products. We will further improve the routine monitoring system for the quality and safety of agricultural products at the national and provincial levels, supervise the production, management and use of agricultural, veterinary drugs and feed throughout the process, and strictly regulate the use of feed additives. Further increase the intensity of agricultural counterfeiting, strengthen the linkage between inspection and crackdown and comprehensive law enforcement. Vigorously promote new fertilizers and pesticides with high efficiency, safety, low toxicity and low residue. Accelerate the pace of revision of agricultural standards, strengthen the certification and supervision of "three products and one standard", support the overall promotion and demonstration of agricultural standardization, and start the construction of national agricultural product quality and safety supervision demonstration counties. Improve the quality and safety risk assessment system of agricultural products, carry out quality and safety risk assessment, and promote the construction of quality and safety inspection and testing system and traceability system of agricultural products. Accelerate the construction of quality and safety supervision institutions for agricultural products in towns and villages, and ensure that all towns and villages in China basically establish quality and safety supervision service institutions for agricultural products by the end of the year.

11Pay close attention to the prevention and control of major animal diseases.Implement various measures such as compulsory immunization, quarantine supervision, epidemic monitoring and emergency management, improve the quality of immunization, decisively deal with sudden outbreaks, and prevent the spread of the epidemic. Effectively strengthen vaccine quality supervision, strictly implement daily supervision, flight inspection, factory supervision, batch issuance and other management systems, urge enterprises to organize vaccine production and inspection activities in strict accordance with production regulations, and strictly control the quality of raw materials for vaccine production. We will do a solid job in the basic monitoring of priority disease prevention and control, carry out special monitoring of avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease and brucellosis pathogens throughout the country, and launch the implementation of key single animal disease prevention and control plans. Implement the disease purification plan for breeding livestock and poultry farms and strengthen the prevention and control at the source. We will continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of key zoonoses such as brucellosis, schistosomiasis and echinococcosis. Strengthen the monitoring of African swine fever, mad cow disease and other exotic animal diseases to prevent the introduction of major overseas animal diseases. Strengthen the construction of animal disease-free areas and biosafety areas, and further promote the construction of animal identification and animal product traceability system. Strengthen animal health supervision and law enforcement, improve the animal epidemic prevention responsibility system, standardize animal husbandry and veterinary administrative law enforcement behavior, and strictly implement the "six prohibitions of the Ministry of Agriculture on animal husbandry and veterinary administrative law enforcement". Promote the construction of licensed veterinarians and official veterinary systems, and strengthen the construction of township animal husbandry and veterinary stations and village-level epidemic prevention staff. To carry out the assessment and testing of veterinary laboratories, and strengthen the capacity building of laboratories. Organize the implementation of the National Medium and Long-term Animal Disease Prevention and Control Plan. Do a good job in the prevention and control of aquatic animal diseases.

twelveDo a good job in agricultural safety production.Fully implement the responsibility system for production safety. Strengthen the capacity building of grassland fire prevention and control, strengthen emergency training and drills, strictly investigate hidden dangers of grassland fire and fire prevention supervision, and strengthen fire monitoring and early warning, emergency material support and emergency disposal. Strengthen the construction of facilities and equipment of agricultural machinery safety management institutions, strengthen the registration, license issuance and annual inspection of tractors and combine harvesters, implement a regular free inspection system for agricultural machinery, and encourage the development of agricultural machinery safety insurance premium subsidies. Carry out activities such as "Safe Agricultural Machinery Demonstration County" and "Safe Fishery Demonstration County". Strengthen the entry and exit visas and inspection of fishing boats, and promote the construction of fishery safety rescue system. Strengthen the construction of "Safe Reclamation Area".

Five, solidly carry out the "year of promoting agricultural science and technology" activities, and comprehensively promote the progress of agricultural science and technology.

13Accelerate agricultural science and technology innovation.Support agricultural basic, cutting-edge and public welfare scientific and technological research, strive to break through major key agricultural technologies and common technologies, and solve the problem of disconnection between science and technology and production. Focusing on seed industry, oriented by high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology and safety, we will continue to organize and implement major special projects for cultivating new varieties of genetically modified organisms, promote the implementation of a number of scientific and technological research projects urgently needed by seed industry and agricultural production, vigorously develop strategic emerging industries of biological breeding with modern biotechnology as the core, and cultivate breakthrough new varieties. Further promote the construction of modern agricultural industrial technology system, improve the new agricultural science and technology organization model with industrial demand as the guide, agricultural products as the unit, industrial chain as the main line and comprehensive experimental station as the basic point, discover and solve technical problems in production in time, and give full play to the positive role of technological innovation, experimental demonstration and radiation drive. Continue to implement public welfare industry (agriculture) research projects and948Plan to strengthen the research and development of agricultural machinery and agronomy integration technology, and strengthen the introduction and research and development of key technologies such as responding to agricultural disasters, saving costs and increasing efficiency, saving energy and reducing emissions, and ensuring the safety of agricultural products. We will start the implementation of the plan for the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation capacity, focus on the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation platform and the key laboratory system of the Ministry of Agriculture with the integrated layout of comprehensive key laboratories, professional (regional) key laboratories and scientific observation experimental stations, promote the construction of basic conditions of agricultural science and technology and the co-construction and sharing of scientific and technological resources, and strengthen the construction and system layout of scientific research and breeding bases, Nanfan bases, applied research demonstration bases, testing centers, scientific investigation ships and agricultural product quality and safety risk assessment laboratory systems. Improve and optimize the scientific research project establishment mechanism, classification evaluation mechanism and large-scale cooperation mechanism, cultivate a number of scientific and technological agricultural enterprises, and form a joint force of scientific and technological innovation.

14Strengthen the construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system.Further improve the management system of township agricultural public service institutions, and strengthen the management and guidance of county-level business departments on township agricultural technology extension. Full implementation of personnel employment system, strict post conditions, the implementation of post responsibilities, the implementation of the county authorities, township governments, farmers tripartite evaluation. Further increase investment, according to the scale of breeding and service performance to implement the promotion work funds, and included in the local financial budget. Promote all localities to effectively improve the treatment level of grassroots agricultural technicians, implement wage tilt and performance-based wage policies, and ensure that the wage income of grassroots agricultural technicians is connected with the average wage level of grassroots institutions. All localities should implement matching funds to ensure that2012In 2000, the reform and construction demonstration county project of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system basically covered agricultural counties (cities, districts and fields), and the conditional construction project of township agricultural technology extension institutions covered all townships. We will fully implement the conditional construction projects of township agricultural extension institutions, build or expand business premises for township agricultural extension institutions, and equip them with inspection, testing, extension services and other instruments and means of transportation. Carry out the pilot project of special post for agricultural technology extension service, and select a group of university graduates to serve as special post personnel in towns and villages. Incorporate the reform and construction projects of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system into performance evaluation, track and manage the implementation of extension funds in each county and the construction progress of each township or regional station, and comprehensively evaluate the institutional setup, team building, work funds, condition construction, system construction and personnel treatment to ensure the implementation of central decision-making and deployment.

15Vigorously promote major key technologies for agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, and stabilize and increase production.According to different regions, different farming modes and different farming seasons, timely release emergency plans and technical guidance programs for disaster prevention and reduction, and popularize and apply key practical technologies. We will promote the implementation of subsidies for the key technologies of agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, stable production and increase production, focusing on the popularization of key technologies such as plastic film mulching and drip irrigation under plastic film for corn in the "Three North" area, supplementary irrigation for wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai area and "one spraying and three prevention", rice seedling raising in greenhouse in northeast China and centralized seedling raising for early rice in south China, subsoiling and soil preparation by agricultural machinery, conservation tillage, soil testing and formula fertilization, unified prevention and control of pests and diseases, and prevention and control of animal diseases. Continue to carry out the science and technology conference, mobilize the full participation of the national agricultural science and education system, and organize the whole country.70Ten thousand agricultural science and technology personnel went to the countryside, entered the village, arrived at the scene, and entered the household, and carried out solid agricultural science and technology services throughout the year to achieve full coverage of major agricultural counties and key villages. exist17Super rice is promoted in 2008 in the major rice producing provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).oneMore than 100 million mu.

16Develop modern crop seed industry.Formulate and implement the development plan of crop seed industry, further clarify the development layout and key tasks of seed industry, integrate resources and strength of all parties, and lead the development of modern seed industry. Promote the introduction of a number of seed industry support policies, especially in supporting commercial breeding of enterprises, subsidies for improved seed breeding, seed reserves, seed production insurance, and management system construction. Give full play to the role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, support a number of key seed enterprises, promote the flow of commercial breeding resources, technology, talents and other factors to enterprises, and support the seed enterprises with integrated breeding and promotion to become bigger and stronger. Strengthen the construction of seed bases in superior seed production areas, continue to implement seed engineering and other projects, and start the construction of large-scale, standardized, mechanized and intensive seed production bases in northwest, southwest and Hainan, so as to speed up the promotion of new varieties. Strengthen infrastructure construction such as seed system. Encourage seed enterprises and farmers’ professional cooperatives to jointly establish a relatively centralized and stable seed production base, and build a demonstration field for the introduction of new varieties in major grain, cotton and oil producing counties. Strengthen seed supply and demand scheduling, and do a good job in variety and regional adjustment. Organize the special action of seed law enforcement year to ensure the safety of seed production. We will improve the system of variety approval, protection and withdrawal, strengthen the management of administrative license for seed production and operation, and severely crack down on illegal activities such as manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior products, counterfeiting infringement, and buying and selling.

17Cultivate modern agricultural talents and new farmers.Fully implement the modern agricultural talent support plan. Relying on the existing major scientific research plans, projects and base construction, strengthen the training of agricultural scientific research talents and innovative teams, and focus on cultivating a group of outstanding young and middle-aged agricultural scientific research talents. Strengthen the construction of agricultural technology extension talents, guide and encourage college graduates majoring in agriculture to work in county and township agricultural public service institutions. Extensively carry out regular training for grassroots agricultural extension personnel in different levels and categories, and send grassroots agricultural extension backbones to universities and research institutes for further study. Strengthen the construction of practical talents in rural areas, and focus on training large farmers, heads of farmers’ professional cooperatives, heads of leading agricultural industrialization enterprises, university student village officials, rural brokers, agricultural mechanization workers, agricultural products processing and leisure agriculture employees, and accelerate the training of a number of rural development leaders, rural skilled service-oriented talents and rural production and operation-oriented talents. Expand the training scale of rural labor sunshine project, improve subsidy standards, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of training. Make full use of the slack season in winter and spring, and carry out large-scale agricultural science and technology training at multiple levels, through multiple channels and in various forms.

Six, strengthen the construction of major projects, improve the level of modern agricultural material and equipment.

18Strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland.Raise construction funds through multiple channels, implement the planned field project of increasing grain production capacity by 100 billion Jin, and speed up the construction of high-standard farmland for drought and flood protection. Continue to do a good job in the investigation and monitoring of agricultural land quality. Carry out the whole county (field) pilot of soil testing and formula fertilization, promote the whole township, vigorously promote the industrialization of formula fertilizer, carry out pilot subsidies for small intelligent fertilizer distribution equipment, and encourage the establishment of on-site mixed fertilizer supply service outlets. Expand soil organic matter and increase the scale of subsidies, encourage and support farmers to return straw to fields, plant green manure and increase the application of organic fertilizer. Strengthen the construction of demonstration bases for facility agricultural equipment and technology, do a good job in the construction of infrastructure such as field irrigation and tractor-ploughing roads, continue to promote the construction of supporting facilities such as final irrigation and drainage ditches, motor wells and pumping stations in the field, and develop small rainwater collection and storage facilities, emergency water sources, spray and drip irrigation equipment, etc.

19Promote the construction of modern agricultural demonstration zones.Increase investment, guide modern agricultural production development fund projects, the project of increasing grain production capacity by 100 billion Jin and other various fund projects to tilt to the demonstration area, and strive to build the demonstration area into a production base of high-quality grain, advantageous agricultural products and an ecological agricultural development base, so as to give better play to the leading role of demonstration. Focusing on high-standard farmland construction, facility agriculture construction, agricultural science and technology popularization and application, innovation of agricultural management system and mechanism, and quality and safety of agricultural products, we will promote the construction of demonstration areas and strive to make breakthroughs in weak links and key areas. Strengthen the planning and guidance of demonstration area construction, do a good job in monitoring and evaluation, and publish evaluation results regularly. Study and formulate policy documents to promote modern agricultural demonstration zones and realize agricultural modernization first.

twentyImprove the level of agricultural mechanization.Carefully deploy and organize mechanized production in important farming seasons such as spring ploughing, three summers, "double grabbing" and "Sanqiu" to push the mechanization level of rice and corn to a new level, and the area of subsoiling and land preparation by agricultural machinery continues to increase. Strengthen the popularization and training of agricultural mechanization and promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy. Actively promote precision sowing, deep application of chemical fertilizer, conservation tillage and other technologies. Efforts will be made to solve outstanding problems such as rice transplanting and corn, rape, sugarcane and cotton harvesting, vigorously promote machinery and equipment such as facility agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture, and explore the whole-process mechanized production mode of agriculture. Encourage the development of large and efficient plant protection machinery. Promote the use of small practical fertilization machinery according to local conditions. We will promote the implementation of preferential policies for credit and taxes to support the development of agricultural mechanization, and encourage large-scale farmers, large-scale agricultural machinery households and farmers’ professional cooperatives to purchase large and medium-sized agricultural machinery and tools. Promote the marketization and industrialization of agricultural machinery services, cultivate and expand agricultural machinery socialized service organizations, and promote agricultural machinery professional cooperatives to carry out "social-enterprise cooperation" with agricultural machinery enterprises and financial enterprises.

21Strengthen the construction of agricultural ecological environment.Promote the construction of rural biogas, support the development of household biogas, biogas in breeding communities and joint households, large and medium-sized biogas, rural service outlets, etc. Prepare the comprehensive utilization plan of biogas manure, start key projects and projects such as comprehensive utilization of straw, and accelerate the energy and resource utilization of rural wastes. Continue to implement rural clean projects, carry out agricultural clean production demonstrations, and accelerate the control of agricultural non-point source pollution. Further strengthen the environmental protection of agricultural products producing areas, and strengthen the monitoring and remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil of agricultural products producing areas. Strengthen the protection and utilization of agricultural wild plants and strengthen the prevention and control of alien invasive species. Continue to implement the project of returning grazing to grassland, expand the scope of the project, and support the construction of grassland fences, forage bases, livestock sheds and the improvement of severely degraded grasslands. Strengthen grassland supervision in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas. Promote the implementation of grassland protection construction in the south and disaster prevention and mitigation projects in pastoral areas. We will promote energy conservation and emission reduction in fisheries, strengthen the conservation of aquatic biological resources, increase the proliferation and release of fisheries, the construction of marine pastures and aquatic biological reserves, and strictly implement the system of closed fishing.

Seven, promote the construction of agricultural products market system, strengthen the marketing of agricultural products.

22Strengthen the construction of agricultural product market circulation system.Promote the construction of national professional agricultural products wholesale market, guide the wholesale market of origin to carry out upgrading, and improve the supporting facilities such as trading venues, electronic settlement, information processing, inspection and testing. Support production bases and professional cooperatives to build supporting facilities such as cellar storage, processing, packaging and storage of agricultural products on the spot, develop an integrated cold chain logistics system, and improve the marketing ability of producers. Promote the implementation of the policy of exempting the value-added tax from the circulation of vegetables, promote the implementation and improvement of the "green channel" policy for fresh agricultural products, and reduce the circulation cost of agricultural products.

23Do a good job in agricultural product market information service.Strengthen the monitoring, early warning and information release of agricultural products market, improve the price monitoring system in production, wholesale and retail, focus on collecting producer price information, release early warning information in time, guide farmers to arrange production reasonably, and enhance the information service ability for producers and operators. Strengthen the cost-benefit investigation of major agricultural products, do a good job in the investigation of crop planting intention in important agricultural time and the forecast of summer grain and oil, early rice and annual grain output.

24Promote the informationization of agricultural production and management.Organize the implementation of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Agricultural and Rural Informatization in China. We will step up the establishment of the second phase of the "Golden Agriculture Project". Continue to implement the "three in one" project and improve12316Comprehensive information service platform for agriculture, countryside and farmers. Organize the implementation of the national Internet of Things application demonstration project agricultural project. Carry out the pilot work of agricultural and rural informatization evaluation. Start the pilot project of informatization construction of farmers’ professional cooperatives.

25Promote the connection between production and marketing of agricultural products.Vigorously develop contract agriculture, promote the direct connection between producers and wholesale markets, farmers’ markets, supermarkets, hotels and restaurants, school canteens, etc., and support production bases and farmers’ professional cooperatives to increase direct supply and direct sales outlets in urban communities to form a stable relationship between supply and demand of agricultural products. Organize multi-form and multi-level agricultural products production and marketing docking activities, run the 10th China International Agricultural Products Fair and other activities, and cultivate the brand of agricultural products exhibition. Strengthen the dispatch analysis of sudden changes in the fresh agricultural products market, and properly deal with problems such as unsalable sales.

Eight, broaden the channels of increasing farmers’ income and maintain the steady growth of farmers’ income.

26Tap the potential of increasing income within agriculture.Further optimize the layout of agricultural productive forces, actively develop regional characteristic industries, strengthen the creation and protection of characteristic agricultural products brands, strive to create efficient and high-quality agriculture, and improve agricultural efficiency. Identify the second batch of national demonstration villages and towns with one village and one product, give play to the leading role of professional villages and towns, leading enterprises and large breeding households, and promote cost reduction, quality improvement and efficiency improvement.

27Promote the healthy development of rural secondary and tertiary industries.Support the development of township enterprises, actively cultivate industrial clusters, and promote transformation and upgrading. Promote the implementation of policies and measures to support the development of small and micro enterprises, and enhance the employability of farmers and the vitality of county economy. Vigorously develop the processing industry of agricultural products, implement the project of benefiting the people by primary processing of agricultural products, and increase the added value of agricultural products. Steadily promote the development of leisure agriculture, actively carry out pilot demonstrations, strengthen standardized management, improve industry standards, build service platforms, and cultivate new growth points for farmers’ employment and income.

28Promote rural labor employment and entrepreneurship.Continue to promote the transfer of rural labor force, promote the improvement of the employment environment for migrant workers, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers. Strengthen the guidance for farmers’ employment and entrepreneurship, vigorously carry out training for farmers’ entrepreneurship and employment, change training methods, promote the close integration of training with base construction, personnel training and industrial development, and improve farmers’ employment and income-increasing skills. Encourage and support migrant workers to return to their hometowns to start businesses, guide the construction of farmers’ entrepreneurial parks, and bring employment through entrepreneurship.

Nine, deepen rural reform, expand agricultural opening up.

29Stabilize and improve the basic rural management system.Stabilize and improve the rural land contract relationship, steadily expand the pilot registration of rural land contractual management rights, implement the financial subsidy policy, and ensure the funds for the pilot work. Strengthen the management and service of rural land contractual management right transfer, actively cultivate the land contractual management right transfer market, and develop various forms of moderate scale operation. We will continue to promote the construction of an arbitration system for land contract disputes and strengthen the law enforcement inspection of land contract laws and policies. In accordance with the requirements of clear ownership, standardized management and contracting to households, we will accelerate the contracting of grassland ownership and carry out grassland registration according to law.

30Vigorously develop farmers’ professional cooperatives.We will improve the policy system to support the development of cooperatives, increase financial, taxation and financial support, and promote the implementation of agriculture-related construction projects entrusted to qualified cooperatives. Promote the standardized construction of cooperatives, carry out in-depth demonstration cooperative construction actions, strengthen the training of cooperative leaders and accountants, and establish and improve the team of cooperative counselors. Encourage and support university student village leaders to set up cooperatives and organize a series of activities of the International Year of Cooperatives.

31Develop industrialized management of agriculture.Do a good job in the implementation of supporting policies, optimize the development environment of leading enterprises, guide leading enterprises to cope with changes in the economic situation and market risks, and promote leading enterprises to become bigger and stronger. Further promote the construction of national agricultural industrialization demonstration base and carry out the fifth national key agricultural industrialization leading enterprise monitoring. Support all localities to strengthen the training of agricultural industrialization talents. Strengthen the close cooperation between leading enterprises and cooperatives, one village, one product, specialized villages and towns, and farmers, improve the interest linkage mechanism, and further improve the degree of organization of agricultural production and operation.

32Strengthen the work in the rural reform pilot area.Organize the implementation of pilot projects in rural reform pilot areas, guide all pilot areas to carry out reform experiments in strict accordance with the approved test contents, and explore and improve the system and mechanism of agricultural and rural development. Strengthen the organization and leadership of the work in the rural reform pilot area, grasp the progress of the pilot project in a timely manner, strengthen supervision and inspection, and properly handle the new situations and new problems arising in the reform experiment to ensure the solid and orderly progress of all work in the rural reform pilot area.

33Actively promote other rural reforms.Strengthen the construction of supervision platform for rural collective funds, assets and resources, and strengthen the standardization of rural collective financial management. We will promote the reform of the property rights system of rural collective economic organizations with the joint-stock economic cooperation system as the main form, and explore the establishment of a rural collective property rights trading platform. We will promote the standardization of fund-raising and labor-raising, study and formulate operational procedures for fund-raising and labor-raising, and promote the improvement of financial reward and compensation policies. Extend the field of supervision of farmers’ burden, focus on the issue of apportioning to village-level organizations, and study and formulate guidance on investigating and handling violations involving farmers’ vital interests. Effectively strengthen the construction of grass-roots agricultural and economic institutions and teams. Deepen the reform of land reclamation, improve the management system and enterprise management mechanism, and start the pilot reform of social functions of state-owned farms.

34Improve the level of agricultural opening up.Consolidate and strengthen multilateral, bilateral and regional agricultural cooperation mechanisms, actively participate in the formulation of international standard rules and multilateral and bilateral agricultural trade negotiations, and do a good job in formulating and coordinating trade policies for grain, cotton, soybeans and fertilizers. Strengthen the construction of agricultural industry damage monitoring and early warning system, improve the agricultural industry damage risk assessment mechanism, and strengthen agricultural products trade relief. Vigorously promote the international marketing of agricultural products, strengthen measures to promote the export of agricultural products, and further optimize the trade structure of agricultural products. Guide foreign investors to invest in the development of modern agriculture, strengthen the security risk prevention of foreign capital merger and acquisition of domestic agriculture-related enterprises, and improve the quality and level of "introduction". Promote and improve policies and measures to support agriculture "going out".

Ten, strengthen the construction of agricultural system itself, with a good style to promote agricultural and rural economic development to create new achievements.

35In-depth investigation and study at the grassroots level.We will continue to encourage and support cadres and workers in the agricultural system to go deep into the reality, the grassroots and the masses through the activities of "survey of 100 rural households", sending cadres and workers to work at the grassroots level and supporting agriculture, and carry out investigations and studies on major problems in the development of agricultural and rural economy, and put forward ideas and countermeasures to solve the problems. Establish and improve the system of connecting leading cadres with grass-roots units, encourage leading cadres in the agricultural system to contact a village, a farmer’s professional cooperative or a leading enterprise in agricultural industrialization for a long time, gain a deep understanding of agricultural production, policy implementation and farmers’ lives, and guide the work from point to area.

36Improve the work implementation mechanism.Constantly improve methods, perfect mechanisms and innovative ways to ensure that all policies are implemented at the grassroots level and among farmers. According to the characteristics of farming season and production laws, timely refine various measures such as promoting stable agricultural production, disaster prevention and mitigation, saving costs and increasing efficiency, market supervision and safe production, and ensure that all key measures are implemented in agricultural production. According to grassroots concerns and farmers’ needs, major technical routes and work plans will be formulated, and practical technologies, market information, policies and regulations will be sent to grassroots frontline and fields in time to ensure that all guidance services are implemented in agricultural system work. Start the implementation of performance appraisal to the provincial agricultural sector to extend the pilot.

37Promote agricultural administration according to law.Improve agricultural laws and regulations, promote scientific and democratic legislation, and improve the quality of agricultural legislation. In-depth publicity and education on agricultural legal system. Further deepen the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, improve the service mechanism for the people, and promote the efficient and transparent operation of administrative examination and approval norms. Solidly promote the disclosure of government information, timely and comprehensive disclosure of government information involving the vital interests of farmers. Comprehensively promote the standardization of comprehensive agricultural law enforcement, improve conditions, strengthen training, enforce the law in a civilized way, and strive to improve the efficiency of law enforcement.

38Really change the work style.We will further promote the activities of serving the people and striving for Excellence, and do practical things and solve difficult problems for the peasants by means of pairing assistance, guaranteeing village services, and sending policies and technology to the countryside. Strengthen the emergency management of major agricultural emergencies and improve the ability and level of emergency response. Strengthen communication and cooperation within the agricultural system and with other departments, promote the tilt of funds, technology and talents to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and form a strong joint force to promote the development of agricultural and rural economy. Strengthen the construction of party style and clean government, strengthen the prevention and control management of clean government risks, resolutely investigate and deal with all kinds of cases of violation of law and discipline, correct unhealthy practices that harm the interests of the masses, and firmly establish a good image of the agricultural system for the people, pragmatic and clean.

The Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China

two0January 11th, 1921

Notice of the General Office of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Guiding Opinions of Beijing Municipality on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Science a

Beijing Zhengban made [2023] No.26

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus, and municipal institutions:

　　With the consent of the municipal government, the Guiding Opinions of Beijing Municipality on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Science and Technology Business Incubators are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement them carefully.

General Office of Beijing Municipal People’s Government　　　　

December 13th, 2023　　

　　(This piece is publicly released)

Guiding Opinions of Beijing Municipality on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Science and Technology Business Incubators

　　In order to speed up the construction of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center and Zhongguancun World’s leading science and technology park, give full play to the important role of science and technology business incubators in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, accelerate hard technology entrepreneurship and serve the development of high-tech industries, and create an open and innovative ecology with global influence, this guidance is formulated.

　　I. General requirements

　　(A) the guiding ideology

　　Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, thoroughly implement the spirit of a series of important speeches made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader to Beijing, accelerate the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, seize the great opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, focus on promoting the innovation and development of scientific and technological business incubators, strive to improve the efficiency of business incubation, and further penetrate the whole chain of scientific and technological innovation, transformation incubation, enterprise cultivation and industrial agglomeration. Promote the deep integration of innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain, accelerate the formation of an entrepreneurial incubation system closely integrated with the scientific and technological innovation system and industrial development system, and provide strong support for the high-quality development of the capital.

　　(2) Basic principles

　　Focus on the frontier and upgrade the paradigm. Keep a close eye on the global frontier of science and technology, accelerate the exploration of a new paradigm of advanced incubation, strengthen the construction of entrepreneurial incubation capacity that matches the original innovative resources of this city, and build a high-energy carrier that supports the transformation of cutting-edge scientific and technological achievements and the incubation of hard technology.

　　Empower industries and make overall plans. Focus on high-tech industries and future industrial development direction, promote the construction of vertical science and technology business incubators, and strengthen its pivotal role in industrial ecology. Strengthen urban linkage, focus on the layout of "three cities and one district" and Zhongguancun demonstration zone, and promote in-depth cooperation and linkage development between incubators and industrial parks.

　　Link the world and open collaboration. Adhere to the global vision, deeply link, gather and integrate global innovation and entrepreneurship resources, accelerate integration into the global innovation network, and build an efficient, collaborative, open and inclusive business incubation ecosystem. Deepen regional linkage, strengthen Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative incubation, and explore the formation of a new model of cross-regional incubation relay.

　　Market-led, government-guided. Give full play to the main role of the market, encourage technology business incubators to continuously strengthen platform construction, improve investment and financing services, and optimize their operation modes. Strengthen policy guidance, establish a dynamic management mechanism, strengthen monitoring and evaluation, and further enhance the incubation capacity and service efficiency.

　　(3) Development goals

　　By the end of 2027, a gradient continuation business incubation system will be formed in the whole city, with the demonstration and guidance of benchmark incubators, the backbone support of municipal technology business incubators and other technology business incubators with complete functions. The degree of specialization, value and internationalization of incubators has been improved as a whole, and the ability of business incubation has basically been formed to match the construction of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center; Significant progress has been made in the construction of the international incubation service network, initially forming an open innovation ecology with global influence, and the elements of innovation and entrepreneurship flow freely across regions, further releasing the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship; A number of national high-tech enterprises, specialized and innovative enterprises, unicorn enterprises and other high-level hard-tech enterprises continue to emerge, and a number of high-energy high-tech and sophisticated industrial clusters and some leading global future industrial clusters have taken shape, which has effectively promoted this city to become a global highland for hard-tech innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Second, give full play to the important supporting role of incubators in the development of high-tech industries

　　(A) for the world’s leading edge of science and technology advanced deep incubation

　　Support incubators to actively connect with innovative forces such as national strategic scientific and technological forces and top strategic scientists, and accelerate the transformation and incubation of original innovative resources around frontier technical fields such as quantum information, life sciences and aerospace technology. Strengthen the role of innovation subjects such as national laboratories and new R&D institutions as innovation sources, establish a docking mechanism for project resource selection, encourage them to participate deeply, and guide incubators to carry out concept verification and business incubation. Support incubators to constantly innovate the incubation paradigm, set up a high-level business incubation team led by world-class incubation talents, start with scientists, papers and patents, tap cutting-edge technologies with transformation value, cultivate future enterprises and early subversive entrepreneurial projects, and constantly open up new fields and new tracks.

　　(B) Strengthen the incubator’s pivotal role in the innovative ecology of high-tech industries.

　　Focusing on the new generation of high-tech industry segments such as information technology, medical health and new materials, and the key directions of future industries such as synthetic biology, humanoid robots and clean energy, we will systematically lay out high-energy incubators. Focus on the needs of enterprise software and hardware development, sample prototype trial production and demonstration application, effectively link academics and industries, and run through the scientific and technological innovation chain. Encourage incubators to improve the efficiency of business incubation, accelerate the incubation of a number of national high-tech enterprises and other hard-tech enterprises, effectively release the energy of scientific and technological innovation, and strongly support the innovation and development of high-tech industries.

　　(C) Support leading enterprises to accelerate the construction of industrial ecological circle through incubation.

　　Give full play to the advantages of leading enterprises in terms of platform, capital and market, encourage them to build vertical industrial incubators, initiate the establishment of industrial venture capital funds, deeply incubate upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain and supply chain, reserve future development momentum, and lay the foundation for leading enterprises to take the lead in building industrial clusters with technological dominance. Support leading enterprises to cooperate with incubators, promote incubating enterprises to enter the industrial chain and supply chain of leading enterprises by opening up resources such as R&D demand, market orders and application scenarios, reduce the entry threshold of industries, and realize the financing development of large, medium and small enterprises.

　　(D) Encourage social capital to participate in incubation.

　　Support incubators and social capital to jointly set up professional early incubation funds and patiently incubate hard science and technology projects. Support capital to focus on hard technology to build incubators, and realize the deep integration of post-investment management and incubation acceleration. Support the incubation of national and municipal science and technology projects, explore the continuous support mechanism of "science and technology funds+equity investment", and accelerate the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Encourage banks, guarantee institutions and other joint incubators to develop hard technology venture loans, give long-term loan support, and broaden the financing channels for hard technology enterprises.

　　(5) Promote in-depth cooperation between incubators and industrial parks.

　　Guide incubators to regularly sort out the development and space demand of incubating enterprises according to the industrial subdivision fields, and timely deliver entrepreneurial enterprises and high-quality projects to industrial parks. Promote incubators and accelerators, university science parks, characteristic industrial parks, etc. to jointly build venture capital funds and innovative service platforms, form an efficient and smooth "incubation+acceleration+industrialization" relay mechanism with resource sharing, service interconnection, and continue to cultivate hard-tech enterprises and high-quality projects to accelerate the formation of industrial clusters with regional advantages.

　　Third, further strengthen the professional service capacity building of incubators.

　　(six) to do deep industry incubation services

　　Support incubators to closely follow the needs of the industry, build and build professional technical service platforms, provide technology development, concept verification, pilot test, inspection and testing services for technology enterprises, and deeply integrate high-quality industrial chain and supply chain resources. Support incubators to strengthen cooperation with technology transfer institutions and technical managers, equip high-level R&D auxiliary teams and technical consulting experts, and provide services such as R&D and production system solutions, high-reliability integrated design, testing and delivery implementation for startups, so as to enhance the service ability of results transformation. Encourage incubators to link with new infrastructures such as artificial intelligence infrastructure, new data centers and shared open source platforms to provide models, computing power, data and other resources for incubating enterprises and projects.

　　(seven) to do business incubation services.

　　Incubators are encouraged to use online entrepreneurial communities and technology open source communities to build an international incubation platform, attract young developers, geeks and technology enthusiasts from all over the world to exchange ideas, and plan a number of cross-border integrated entrepreneurial projects by colliding with ideas and conspiring to start businesses. Support incubators to accelerate digital transformation, build virtual incubation spaces such as online communication and negotiation, roadshow sharing, promote intelligent matching between supply and demand, and improve the level of intelligent incubation. Promote incubators to carry out comprehensive ability training for entrepreneurial tutors, continuously improve the cultivation system for entrepreneurial tutors, improve the refined level of entrepreneurial counseling, financing consultants and market docking, and meet the needs of entrepreneurial teams of different types and stages of development. Encourage qualified incubators to set up high-tech industries and future industrial technology seminars, and accelerate the cultivation of hard-tech entrepreneurial CEO, market and enterprise operation talents.

　　(eight) to strengthen the construction of incubation service personnel.

　　Guide experienced hard technology investors, senior industrial service experts, scientists with successful transformation experience, well-known product managers and outstanding entrepreneurs to enter the incubation industry. Establish a multi-level incubator employee training system, and improve the ability and accomplishment of incubator employees by organizing training courses, research visits, exchanges and sharing. Set up postdoctoral workstations in qualified incubators to attract incubation service talents and multidisciplinary talents to carry out cross-integration, product-oriented technology research and development and verification. Support qualified incubation service talents to apply for technical brokerage and other professional title evaluation, and promote the inclusion of incubation service talents in talent plans and talent projects.

　　(9) Promote institutional and institutional innovation.

　　Relying on the pilot project of comprehensive stock option service in Beijing, we will support incubators to explore "exchanging services for shares" and share the growth value of enterprises. Set up government service stations or intelligent government terminals in qualified incubators. For incubators with good qualifications and credit, the process can be simplified according to laws and regulations when recommending enterprises to declare relevant policy support in urban areas. We will promote qualified state-owned incubators to carry out value creation-oriented assessment and evaluation mechanisms and pilot reforms of mixed ownership, and actively explore institutional and institutional innovations such as holding shares by incubation teams, project follow-up, and fault tolerance and exemption.

　　Fourth, make every effort to build a new pattern of open and collaborative business incubation

　　(ten) to strengthen the regional overall layout of incubators.

　　In the "three cities and one district", we will focus on laying out incubators that serve cutting-edge technological innovation and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, laying out incubators that serve the acceleration of industries in plain new cities, ecological conservation areas and urban sub-centers, and laying out incubators that serve the cultivation of characteristic industries in other districts. Encourage all districts to focus on characteristic industries, and build a number of well-equipped, high-quality and professional technology business incubators around colleges and universities and industrial parks through self-construction, co-construction and entrusted operation, so as to play an important role in building, leading, supplementing and strengthening the chain of regional industries.

　　(eleven) to explore a new model of "community incubation"

　　Optimize and upgrade the incubation functions of entrepreneurial landmarks and characteristic science and technology innovation communities such as Zhongguancun Venture Street, Zhongguancun Zhizao Street, Zhongguancun Maker Town and Hui+Shuangchuang Community, make regional incubation brands better and stronger, and actively attract domestic and foreign professional institutions in R&D services, intellectual property rights, investment and financing, finance, law, etc. to build a business incubation cluster with world-class innovation ecology. Support relevant districts to lay out incubators in high-quality talent communities, and provide convenient services such as "through train" for overseas entrepreneurial projects.

　　(12) Strengthen the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative incubation

　　Support Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei incubators to jointly explore and cultivate early projects with universities, leading enterprises, venture capital funds, industrial parks, etc., and give play to the role of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative incubation to expand application scenarios and provide more market opportunities for incubating enterprises. Encourage qualified incubators to carry out multi-point layout in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei through brand sharing, service model export and industrial continuous cultivation, so as to attract incubators outside Beijing that meet the functional orientation of the capital to develop in Beijing. Actively explore the effective connection between Beijing’s incubation capacity and Tianjin-Hebei and even the national industrial chain and supply chain, and form a new model of cross-regional incubation relay and industrial continuous development based on Beijing and Tianjin-Hebei.

　　(XIII) Deeply linking global innovation and entrepreneurship resources.

　　Encourage attracting world-renowned incubators to develop in Beijing, support incubators to cooperate with multinational companies and foreign R&D centers to build innovative service platforms, support cross-border "accelerated camps", promote two-way exchanges of talents, technologies, enterprises and other resources, and accelerate the construction of an efficient, collaborative, open and inclusive world-class innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem. Explore the layout of incubators in the comprehensive bonded zone to incubate and cultivate hard-tech enterprises facing the international market. Encourage local incubators to set up offshore incubation carriers overseas, join internationally renowned incubation organizations, and accelerate their integration into global innovation incubation networks.

　　(14) Enhance the international influence of business incubation.

　　Further play the role of Zhongguancun Forum as a national platform, enhance the international influence of the global benchmarking incubator sub-forum, fully display the latest entrepreneurial achievements, publish industry authoritative research reports, share cutting-edge incubation views, and create a global business incubator vane. Encourage technology business incubators, characteristic parks and all kinds of innovative subjects to hold international innovation and entrepreneurship events, salons, exhibitions and other activities in Beijing, support the holding of innovative and entrepreneurial brand activities such as HICOOL Global Entrepreneur Summit, China Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, Zhongguancun International Frontier Science and Technology Innovation Competition, Entrepreneurship Beijing, Maker Beijing and Zhongguancun U30, and actively attract more high-quality projects at home and abroad to land in Beijing.

　　V. Safeguards

　　(fifteen) to strengthen organizational leadership.

　　Establish a municipal coordination mechanism for science and technology business incubators, further clarify the division of responsibilities, promote the implementation of the work as a whole, hold regular work meetings, and coordinate and solve major issues. Establish a business incubation strategy advisory committee, give full play to the role of incubators, consulting institutions, associations and alliances, and provide decision-making consultation for the development of business incubation industry.

　　(sixteen) to strengthen policy support.

　　Actively strive for the policy support of national ministries and commissions, improve the policy support system of this city with the goal of incubating and cultivating national high-tech enterprises and unicorn enterprises, and introduce relevant supporting measures in various districts to give policy support to technology business incubators in terms of platform construction, project incubation, talent introduction, space guarantee, and services for incubating enterprises.

　　(seventeen) to strengthen monitoring and evaluation.

　　Establish and improve the statistical system of incubation industry, and do a good job in the service of "upgrading the rules into the system" of incubators. Relying on the network service platform of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center, we will build an online service platform for incubating industries and incubating enterprises in this city to keep abreast of the development of incubators and incubating enterprises. Do a good job in evaluating and guiding the development of incubators in various districts.

　　(eighteen) to strengthen publicity and guidance.

　　Strengthen the typical incubation model and case summary, publish the annual blue book of the incubation industry in this city, and establish a number of well-known hard technology incubation service brands through online and offline multi-channel publicity. Carry forward the innovation and entrepreneurship culture of "encouraging innovation, leading the future and containing failures", guide more social resources to invest in business incubation, and further create a good atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship.

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs： The second round of land contract shall be extended for another 30 years after its expiration, and the redistribution shall not be disturbed.

　　CCTV News:The State Council Office held a press conference today. Han Changfu, director of the Central Agricultural Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the second round of land contracting will be extended for another 30 years after it expires, and the principle of extending the contract should be adhered to, and the contracted land should not be disrupted and re-divided, so as to ensure that the original contracted land of the vast majority of farmers will continue to remain stable.

　　The Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Keeping the Land in contract relationship Stable and Long-term Invariant has been officially announced recently. At the press conference, Han Changfu, director of the Central Agricultural Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the Opinions clearly defined the basic direction of consolidating and improving the household contract management system and the basic principles of maintaining the long-term stability of the land in contract relationship, which is a major declaration on rural land policy, an important system design that takes care of both the present and the long-term.

　　Han Changfu said that there are three main tasks in organizing and implementing the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Maintaining the Stability and Long-term Invariance of Land in contract relationship. One is to send certificates to farmers. Since 2014, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has started to promote the registration and certification of contracted land ownership. After six years of concentrated efforts, this work has been basically completed. At present, the certification rate is over 94%. The next step is to continue to do a good job of sweeping up the tail, so that all should be issued, and the contracted land of farmers should be clarified and further determined.

　　The second is to improve supporting laws and policies. In accordance with the newly revised Rural Land Contract Law, we will promptly revise and improve the Measures for the Management of Land Management Right Transfer and other relevant supporting laws, regulations and policies and measures, and carry out land contracting and contract extension according to law.

　　The third is to carry out the pilot project of extending the package. It is planned to carry out the second round of land contract extension after expiration in some counties, mainly those that have expired in advance. Through the pilot, guide the grassroots to explore specific measures to extend the package. Regarding the extension of the contract, before the implementation of large-scale operation, the central government and relevant departments will also issue guidance.