标签： 2021苏州新茶论坛

Original Lao Hou unpacking the car I want to share

The performance is undoubtedly one of the most important active safety features, and its function is to slow down according to the driver’s will until it stops. According to different functions, it can be divided into driving, parking and auxiliary (emergency); according to different structural types, it can be divided into drum and disc types; according to different media, it can be divided into hydraulic and pneumatic types. Generally, hydraulic disc type is used in small, while pneumatic drum type is generally used in medium and large and passenger cars. We can’t simply use good or bad to evaluate them. Although hydraulic disc type has fast response and good heat dissipation, its force is not as large as that of pneumatic drum type, so air pressure is still used more on heavy loads or passenger cars.

The three parameters for evaluating the pros and cons of a car are:, the constancy of, and the directional stability of time. For ordinary people, it is generally used to measure the performance. But for medium and large or passenger cars, the constancy and the directional stability of time are also very important indicators. The most common unqualified items encountered by many cars during annual inspections are unevenness, which actually refers to the imbalance of forces on both sides, and the phenomenon of deviation will occur at time. The whole process is as follows, which can be divided into six stages: driver reaction time, mechanism reaction time, force growth time, device action time, duration, and release time.

The current "Motor Vehicle Safety Technical Inspection Items and Methods" is the national mandatory standard GB21861-2014 that was implemented in 2015. Among them, there are very clear inspection items and inspection standards for the performance of motor vehicles. The inspection items are divided into no-load and parking. For models with more than three axles, the loading is also inspected. The reaction time, constancy, and blocking force are not tested. The inspection instrument is generally a drum-type or skateboard-type force detector. The inspection standards are: single-axis force and not less than 60% of the axle load, the whole vehicle force and not less than 60%, the parking force shall not be less than 20%, the left and right force imbalance of one axis (steering shaft) shall not exceed 20%, and the left and right force imbalance of two axes and three axes (driving and load-bearing axes) shall not exceed 24%. Here are some examples to illustrate the meaning of these parameters.

1. Axle load: also called axle load, which is the load on the axle, which can be understood as the weight borne on the axle. Add the axle load of all axles together. For example, the axle load of one axle is 2829kg, and the axle load of two axles is 6244kg, then the axle load of this car is 2829 + 6244 = 9073kg.

2. Force and force sum: The force here refers to the maximum force generated by each process, and this maximum force is not necessarily generated at the same time. The ratio of the maximum force of the left and right on each axle to the axle load is the axle force sum, and the ratio of all the maximum forces together is the total force sum. They must meet relevant standards. Force sum is also called rate.

For example, in a certain car, the revolver force of one axle is 1017kgf, the right wheel force of one axle is 960kgf, the two-axle revolver force is 1698kgf, and the right wheel force of two axles is 1604kgf. Calculate the force and:

The force sum of one axis: (1017 + 960)/2829 = 69% > 60%, qualified;

The force sum of the two axes: (1698 + 1604)/6244 = 53% < 60%, unqualified;

Total vehicle power: (1017 + 960 + 1698 + 1604)/(2829 + 6244) = 58%, unqualified.

Because the car’s two-axis force and the whole vehicle force are unqualified, the car’s force is determined to be unqualified. It can be seen from the test data that its unqualified force is mainly caused by the small force of the two axles, so we need to focus on repairing the pipeline and device of the two axles. First check whether there are leaks in the pipeline of the two axles. If there are any leaks, we need to deal with them in time. Then check whether the pressure leading to the two axles is normal. If the pressure is obviously too low, it may be a fault or the air pressure of the two-axis air reservoir is insufficient, which should be dealt with separately. If the pipeline fault is dealt with and the force is still too small, the disassembler needs to be disassembled. Generally speaking, it is caused by the wear of the basin and the friction area between the two. It needs to be replaced and the basin is

3. Parking force and parking force sum: Parking force refers to the force generated by pulling up the hand, and parking force sum refers to the sum of the maximum parking force of the left and right wheels. According to relevant standards, the parking force sum shall not be less than 20%.

For example, for a car, the left rear wheel parking force is 1110kgf, the right rear wheel parking force is 949kgf, which is 11514kg, then the parking force of the car is:

(1110 + 949)/11514 = 18% < 20%, unqualified.

The current medium and large and passenger cars generally use the strong pump as a parking, and the parking force is also generated by the two rear wheels. Therefore, the unqualified parking force is generally caused by the unqualified force of the two rear wheels. Generally, the vehicle devices of the two rear wheels need to be overhauled. In addition, the internal fracture of the strong pump, the failure of the hand switch, and the failure of the hand relay valve will also cause the strong pump to fail to fully eject, resulting in too little force. In this case, the relevant pipelines and valves need to be overhauled. Some models use central parking. If the force fails, it is generally caused by the poor contact surface with the basin and needs to be disassembled and repaired.

4. Unbalance rate: The so-called force imbalance rate is also called the left and right force imbalance, which refers to the maximum value of the left and right wheel force difference during the force growth process, and the ratio of the maximum force of the left and right wheels of the shaft measured during the whole process. Generally, it is required that the left and right force imbalance of one axis (steering shaft) shall not exceed 20%, and the left and right force imbalance of two axes and three axes (driving and load-bearing axes) shall not exceed 24%.

For example, the revolver force of one axle of a car is 1312kgf, the right wheel force of one axle is 858kgf, the two axle revolver force is 2360kgf, and the right wheel force of two axles is 2505kgf. Calculations show that the unbalance rate of one axle of the car is 35.6%, which is unqualified; the unbalance rate of two axles is 17.3%, which is qualified.

It is important to note that the maximum force difference does not occur when the maximum force appears at the same time, but occurs during the process of force rise, so its calculation is not simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, but is automatically calculated by the detection equipment.

The main reason for the imbalance of the left and right forces is that the difference between the left and right forces is too large or the reaction time is not synchronized. For example, if one side of the device is new and the other side is old, the forces of the two may be very different, and the imbalance rate will be unqualified. There is also a difference in the performance of the left and right pump, resulting in a large difference in the reaction time. In addition, the rust of the shoe shaft can also lead to an imbalance of the left and right forces.

In addition, for multi-axle, it is also necessary to detect its loading rate and unbalance rate. Its detection method is to apply a load to the detected axle to simulate the force under actual driving conditions. It can more accurately detect the force and better fit the actual driving state. Generally, only semi-trailers or four-axle bicycles are detected, and only the second and third bridges are detected. The specific parameters are that the loading rate of the second bridge is greater than 50%, and the unbalance rate is less than 10%; the loading rate of the third bridge is greater than 50%, and the unbalance rate is less than 30%. The reasons for its failure are similar to the above, all due to insufficient force.

Overall, it is very difficult to pass the force test of medium and large or passenger cars at one time. This is mainly because many times, the test line is a quantitative test, and the specific force of each one will be tested, and then whether it is qualified according to the relevant standards is determined. When we drive the vehicle ourselves, it is more of a perceptual cognition. Many times we feel that the performance is good, but as soon as we get on the test line, it fails. Some people do four-wheel maintenance before the inspection, and replace the basin with a new one, but it still fails. This is mainly because the newly replaced basin has burrs on the surface, and the contact surface is not good at first. It takes some time to achieve the best results (more than 75% of the contact surface).

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Special feature of 1905 film network The winter vacation is getting closer and closer, and the "God beast" will be released soon. Are you ready? There are resident animation stars such as Pleasant Goat, Big Big Wolf, Xiong Da and Xiong Er waiting for the Lunar New Year in the cinema, and they also need to be accompanied by animation stars at home, so that the "beasts" can have a happy and fulfilling holiday.

In recent years, animated films based on traditional cultural elements have continued to be hot. It is better to follow our topic "Animation Road, National Style is Busy" and have an open aesthetic education class with my family to reserve spiritual food for my children during the winter vacation.

At that time, a national craze was set off;Win favor with hand-drawn animation;Broaden the boundary of animation theme with alternative painting style;Break the ceiling of animated film box office;Deconstructing the story of deity with grand narrative &hellip; &hellip;

On the animation road, Guofeng is very busy. When the strong Chinese style keeps blowing into the animation lens, the dazzling chapter of the animation story of China’s national style has just begun &hellip; &hellip;

Ink age

Chinese-style animated films reflect the regional characteristics of China and are the expression style of China culture. Just a few minutes of animation has both the extension of China elements and the connotation of traditional culture.

From 1941, when China introduced the first Chinese-style animation, to the emergence of a large number of Chinese-style animation, Chinese-style animation films had a large number of excellent works in the early prosperity stage.

Make a scene in heaven

During this period, ink animation occupied a large proportion. Shanghai Animation Film Studio’s classic ink animation, such as Mu Di and Shan Shui Qing, is a famous sign in history of animation, China.

At that time, Japanese animated film director Gao Tianxun also mentioned in an interview that "China’s ink and wash cartoons amazed us. It can be said that our works with more blank space are influenced by it. "

With "Little Tadpole Looking for Mom" winning international awards (special award for short film in the 4th Angxi International Animation Festival in France, honorary award in the 4th Cannes International Film Festival, etc.), ink and wash animation, an animation type full of strong Chinese style, has gained international reputation.

In addition to ink painting, Shanghai Animation Film Studio also created many animation types such as paper-cutting, puppet and origami. Together with ink painting animation, they created a moderns in history of animation, China.

It can be seen that the Chinese style animation at that time was still in the extension stage closely combined with China elements, and the picture style of ink animation "emphasizing artistic conception and neglecting narrative" was also difficult to adapt to the rapidly developing market demand.

In the 1990s, when high-quality ink animation was lacking, many overseas animation brands such as Disney and Ghibli continued to develop, and a large number of foreign animations flooded into China, and domestic animation gradually lost its own language. This period was defined by Qian Jianping, director of the American Film Factory as "the transition period for China animation to start again".

The rise of national wind

Compared with the technical experience and talent accumulation required by live-action movies, the rise of animated movies needs more detailed and long efforts.

In 1999, animated films became the last swan song of China traditional fine arts films. This film exhausted the domestic gold lineup at that time, trying to help domestic animation turn the tide.

However, this well-made work, based on China’s classical mythology, failed to conceal the reality of the decline of the industry at that time. The box office record of "Lotus Lantern" of 20 million RMB actually lasted for ten years.It is precisely because of this that the Return of the Great Sage of Journey to the West released in 2015 rekindled the enthusiasm inside and outside the animation industry in China.

The box office of 956 million RMB, full of national flavor, not only makes the animation industry regroup, but also makes people re-examine the significance of Chinese style to animation.

After success, some business giants began to step into the strategic layout of animated film production.There are those who choose Sino-foreign joint ventures and introduce foreign advanced technology animation teams, such as Chinese enterprises and American DreamWorks Animation.eastDreamWorks launched a co-production in 2016.;

Some people choose to start their own businesses independently. For example, Wei Wang, the founder of Tudou, set up "light-chasing animation" and launched many national animation works since 2014.

Some people choose to integrate resources. For example, Light Film "Striped House" invested in many animation studios scattered all over the country to jointly create the "China Myth Series" animation film universe.

In addition, Internet giants such as Alibaba Pictures and Iqiyi Pictures have also begun to make plans for animated film production. With the change of the general environment, Chinese style animation has also begun to usher in a stage of constantly bringing surprises to the audience.The Big Fish Begonia, released in 2016, won the audience’s favor with hand-painted animation with unique Chinese style and won 560 million yuan at the box office.

In 2017, the "Great Protector" with a fierce style and a different style of painting added a unique color to Guofeng animation.

In 2019, Guofeng animation ushered in an outbreak, and Ne Zha lifted the ceiling of animated film box office to an unprecedented height.

White Snake: The Origin tells a traditional story in a modern way.

Reproduce the unique original thinking of China’s two-dimensional animation.

Most importantly, young animation creators have summed up a truth from the ensuing praise: a good story is the most important criterion to judge whether a national animation is excellent or not.

Like the stars

In 2020, the film market was greatly impacted by the sudden epidemic, and Legend of Deification changed files successively. When the film industry resumed, these two national style animations met the audience again.

Although the two films have different reputations, it is undeniable that Legend of Deification showed the super-high level of China’s animation technology with extremely exquisite painting style.

"Mr Miao" broadens the expression boundary and ideological depth of national style animation with unique painting style. China’s animated films not only show better production quality, but also gradually form a cultural character with oriental characteristics.

In the vast universe to be explored, some "stars" have already revealed their light. The unreleased film list is like a small nebula, which is the next direction of Guofeng animation.One of Legend of Deification’s ending eggsDeep seaWith the mysterious underwater world as the story background, the painting style is soft, but it is a sci-fi suspense type work;

It is a subversive remolding of Nezha’s story to take the time background after three thousand years of trouble in the sea;

Created by the original crew of The Return of the Great Sage to the Journey to the West, the story line is still a brand-new interpretation of the story of the Journey to the West before the sequel;

Also released a poster full of ink and wash style, intended to subvert the fate of the previous series &hellip; &hellip;

It can be seen that these national style animations strive for breakthroughs in both animation style exploration and technical production level. Fortunately, China animation has found a suitable way, and only needs to complete each creation with peace of mind in the passage of time.Starting from this week, WeChat official account, a movie channel, will recommend a weekly list of films for you in winter vacation. I wish you a happy winter vacation in advance!

Source: China News Network

On the 8th, a topic entry named # Match-fixing in the Final of Guangdong National Games # occupied a high position in Weibo’s hot search for a long time. As of press time, the reading volume of this topic exceeded 140 million, and nearly 9,000 people participated in the discussion.

From the perspective of competitive sports, this game is not a high-level event. If there are no special circumstances, it will not attract so much public attention to a great extent.

However, looking at the comment area, everyone has a hot discussion.

“It’s the darkest hour of football in China, except for the 15-year-old boys.This is a sentence left by a netizen in the topic discussion area.

In the eyes of professional football media, there are also problems in this game. “After watching the replay of the game, there is indeed a suspicion of match-fixing, which supports a thorough investigation."

Everyone’s response is filled with the most emotions, which are helplessness and anger. In other words, today, football in China is still at a low ebb, and this game has poked a lot of people who care about football in China.

Let’s get to know the situation of this game first.

The match was held on August 7th, 2022. It was the men’s B Group A final of the 16th Guangdong Sports Games, and was played between Qingyuan team and Guangzhou team. There was no abnormal situation after the start of the game. In the second half, Qingyuan team took the lead 3-1.

But since then, the Qingyuan team seems to be like a "power outage." Goalkeepers and defenders pass the ball at will in the backcourt and are directly intercepted by opponents; When the Guangzhou team launched the attack, the Qingyuan team defender did not seem to stop the football from entering the goal; According to the camera, several Qingyuan team players started the "walking" mode on the court …

In the end, Guangzhou defeated Qingyuan 5-3 to win the championship.

After the video of this game exploded on social media, Dong Lu, a well-known football media person, used "weird 13 minutes" to describe what happened on the field.

While the outside world is discussing the game,The Chinese Football Association officially announced the launch of an investigation into the game.. The announcement said that in this competition, the performance of athletes from both sides on the field was widely questioned by public opinion, which aroused the concern of all sectors of society. China Football Association attaches great importance to this and starts the investigation procedure, and will form an investigation team with the participation of the Competition Department, the Discipline Inspection Department and other departments, and will go to Guangzhou for investigation on August 8.

It is not what China football wants to cause a heated discussion in such a way.

This year’s poor World Cup preliminaries once again put the national football team into an "infinite loop", and many fans didn’t know how to face the China football that had been in the trough for a while.

In fact, there has been a lot of news about football in China recently.

The Chinese Super League officially resumed the home and away game system. For professional teams and clubs, the home game was opened for a long time, and when familiar spectators entered the stadium again, it brought more positive signals to the team’s operation.

In the East Asia Cup competition that ended at the end of July, the China Men’s Football Team with "U23 National Team" as the main team won the third place.

Although only four teams participated in the East Asia Cup, this ranking did not satisfy the Chinese people. However, the original intention of sending young players out to increase the experience of the competition and taking this opportunity to upgrade is no problem. In the second round, the national football selection team drew with Japan. The game data still shows that there is a big strength gap between the two sides, but with courage and perseverance, the young players can gain confidence and bring some comfort to the depressed football in China.

When facing the pressure and challenges, face the difficulties and use your own efforts to resist the difficulties. Even if you fail to win the game, you will gain confidence. This may be a more realistic idea, and it is also the most needed for today’s China football.

At present, the official has been involved in the investigation of this controversial competition, but the final result has not yet been released. As for whether it is the "fake ball" mentioned by everyone, we still don’t argue.

A few days ago, the first China Youth Football League started. Wang Dengfeng, deputy director of the China Youth Football League Office and director of the Department of Sports, Health and Arts of the Ministry of Education, said, "Whether more and more children can play football is a key issue facing China football at this stage."

As the future of football in China, youth football plays an important role. Please keep it simple and away from the distractions. Only in this way can we help the development of football in China.